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2015
Volume: 13 Issue 3
21 Article(s)
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Geometric Optics
New fractional entangling transform and its quantum mechanical correspondence
Shuang Xu, Liyun Hu, and Jiehui Huang
In this Letter, a new fractional entangling transformation (FrET) is proposed, which is generated in the entangled state representation by a unitary operator exp{iθ(ab +a b)} where a(b) is the Bosonic annihilate operator. The operator is actually an entangled one in quantum optics and differs evidently from the separabIn this Letter, a new fractional entangling transformation (FrET) is proposed, which is generated in the entangled state representation by a unitary operator exp { i θ ( a b + a b ) } a ( b ) exp { i θ ( a a + b b ) }
Chinese Optics Letters
- Publication Date: Mar. 10, 2015
- Vol. 13, Issue 3, 030801 (2015)
Lasers and Laser Optics
Metamorphic growth of 1.55 μm InGaAs/InGaAsP multiple quantum wells laser structures on GaAs substrates
小波 李, 永清 黄, 俊 王, 晓峰 段, 瑞康 张, 弘 李业, 正 刘, 琦 王, 霞 张, and 晓敏 任
We fabricate a GaAs-based InGaAs/InGaAsP multiple quantum wells (MQWs) laser at 1.55 μm. Using two-step growth method and thermal cyclic annealing, a thin low-temperature InP layer and a thick InP buffer layer are grown on GaAs substrates by low-pressure metal organic chemical vapor deposition technology. Then, high-quWe fabricate a GaAs-based InGaAs/InGaAsP multiple quantum wells (MQWs) laser at 1.55 μm. Using two-step growth method and thermal cyclic annealing, a thin low-temperature InP layer and a thick InP buffer layer are grown on GaAs substrates by low-pressure metal organic chemical vapor deposition technology. Then, high-quality MQWs laser structures are grown on the InP buffer layer. Under quasi-continuous wave (QCW) condition, a threshold current of 476 mA and slope efficiency of 0.15 mW/mA are achieved for a broad area device with 50 μm wide strip and 500 μm long cavity at room-temperature. The peak wavelength of emission spectrum is 1549.5 nm at 700 mA. The device is operating for more than 2000 h at room-temperature and 600 mA..
Chinese Optics Letters
- Publication Date: Mar. 10, 2015
- Vol. 13, Issue 3, 031401 (2015)
Orthogonally polarized dual-wavelength Nd:YLiF4 laser
Jing Zhang, HuiLong Liu, Jing Xia, and Xihong Fu
This Letter proposes a method to balance the gain and loss of the orthogonally polarized emissions of dual wavelengths in a solid laser cavity. By adjusting the tilt angle of the uncoated glass plate inserted into the cavity, the gain and loss of the orthogonally polarized emission lines with small intervals can be balThis Letter proposes a method to balance the gain and loss of the orthogonally polarized emissions of dual wavelengths in a solid laser cavity. By adjusting the tilt angle of the uncoated glass plate inserted into the cavity, the gain and loss of the orthogonally polarized emission lines with small intervals can be balanced to equalize the oscillation thresholds of the orthogonally polarized dual wavelengths. We select the birefringent crystal Nd:LiYF (Nd:YLF) as the gain media, and theoretically analyze the simultaneous oscillation conditions of dual wavelengths with π σ F 3 / 2 4 → I 11 / 2 4 F 3 / 2 4 → I 13 / 2 4 Nd 3 +
Chinese Optics Letters
- Publication Date: Mar. 10, 2015
- Vol. 13, Issue 3, 031402 (2015)
312 MHz, compact all-normal-dispersion Yb:fiber ring laser with an integrated WDM-ISO
Pan Li, Lei Shi, Qing Sun, Junlong Wang, and Qinghe Mao
A compact and stable all-normal-dispersion mode-locked ring fiber laser with the repetition rate of 312 MHz is obtained with a wavelength-division multiplexing isolator. The compressed pulse is nearly transform-limited and the pulse width is 118 fs. It exhibits an optical efficiency of 50% and the maximum output power A compact and stable all-normal-dispersion mode-locked ring fiber laser with the repetition rate of 312 MHz is obtained with a wavelength-division multiplexing isolator. The compressed pulse is nearly transform-limited and the pulse width is 118 fs. It exhibits an optical efficiency of 50% and the maximum output power is about 205 mW with a 410 mW pump..
Chinese Optics Letters
- Publication Date: Mar. 10, 2015
- Vol. 13, Issue 3, 031403 (2015)
Anisotropic dewetting polydimethylsiloxane surface fabricated using ultrashort laser pulses
Huaihai Pan, Fangfang Luo, Geng Lin, and Quanzhong Zhao
Anisotropic dewetting polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) surfaces, which consist of groove-like micro/nanostructures (so-called hierarchical structures), are fabricated using an ultrashort pulsed laser. The contact angles (CAs) are measured parallel to the microgrooves, which are always larger than those measured perpendiculaAnisotropic dewetting polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) surfaces, which consist of groove-like micro/nanostructures (so-called hierarchical structures), are fabricated using an ultrashort pulsed laser. The contact angles (CAs) are measured parallel to the microgrooves, which are always larger than those measured perpendicular to the microgrooves, exhibiting a superhydrophobic anisotropy of approximately 4° on these fabricated PDMS surfaces at optimized parameters. These pulsed-laser irradiated surfaces exhibit enhanced hydrophobicity with CAs that increase from 116° to 156° while preserving the anisotropic dewetting. Additionally, the wettability of the surfaces with different morphologies is investigated. The temporal evolution of the wettability of the pulsed-laser irradiated PDMS surface is also observed within the first few hours after pulsed laser irradiation..
Chinese Optics Letters
- Publication Date: Mar. 10, 2015
- Vol. 13, Issue 3, 031404 (2015)
Simple Nd:YAG laser generates vector and vortex beam
Zhiqiang Fang, Yao Yao, Kegui Xia, and Jianlang Li
We report a simple Nd:YAG laser that emits radially polarized beam with helical wavefront. The laser cavity consists of a piece of laser crystal and a plane output coupler, and there is no additional polarization component inside it. The pump light is converted into annular profile through de-focal coupling into a multWe report a simple Nd:YAG laser that emits radially polarized beam with helical wavefront. The laser cavity consists of a piece of laser crystal and a plane output coupler, and there is no additional polarization component inside it. The pump light is converted into annular profile through de-focal coupling into a multi-mode fiber. For the continuous-wave (CW) operation, the laser emits radially polarized vortex beam, and it is observed that the helical wavefront of the laser beam is switched from right handedness to left handedness when the output coupler is tilted slightly. For the Q Cr 4 + : YAG
Chinese Optics Letters
- Publication Date: Mar. 10, 2015
- Vol. 13, Issue 3, 031405 (2015)
Online determination of the source of stray light in the SG-III high-power laser facility
Dandan Zhou, Yuanchen Wang, Xuewei Deng, Wei Zhou, Wei Zhong, Huaiting Jia, Fan Zhang, Huaiwen Guo, and 东霞 胡
Stray light in high-power laser facilities not only decreases the gain capacity of the main amplifier, but can also cause permanent damage to optical components, greatly threatening the safety operation of the SG-III. This Letter reports a technique for quickly pinpointing the source of stray light in the main amplificStray light in high-power laser facilities not only decreases the gain capacity of the main amplifier, but can also cause permanent damage to optical components, greatly threatening the safety operation of the SG-III. This Letter reports a technique for quickly pinpointing the source of stray light in the main amplification optical path of the SG-III. The achieved results indicate that the accuracy of our method is up to 1 m in an optical path of 100 m. The judging method is effective for examining and removing harmful stray light in the SG-III laser facility and it can be promoted in huge laser facilities of this kind..
Chinese Optics Letters
- Publication Date: Mar. 10, 2015
- Vol. 13, Issue 3, 031406 (2015)
Diffraction and Gratings
Solving characteristic equation of orbital angular momentum modes in a ring fiber
Yixiao Zhu, and Fan Zhang
The characteristic equation of orbital angular momentum modes in a ring fiber is derived. By solving the equation with the graphical method, mode distribution in a ring fiber can be precisely determined for arbitrary fiber parameters without relying on simulation of the vector field. This will provide a useful method tThe characteristic equation of orbital angular momentum modes in a ring fiber is derived. By solving the equation with the graphical method, mode distribution in a ring fiber can be precisely determined for arbitrary fiber parameters without relying on simulation of the vector field. This will provide a useful method to determine the separation between quasi-degenerate modes in a ring fiber..
Chinese Optics Letters
- Publication Date: Mar. 10, 2015
- Vol. 13, Issue 3, 030501 (2015)
Optical Devices
Highly efficient blue organic light-emitting diodes using various hole and electron confinement layers
Jin Sung Kang, Ju-An Yoon, Seung Il Yoo, Jin Wook Kim, Bo Mi Lee, Hyeong Hwa Yu, C.-B. Moon, and Woo Young Kim
In this Letter, blue phosphorescence organic light-emitting diodes (PHOLEDs) employ structures for electron and/or hole confinement; 1,3,5-tris(N-phenylbenzimiazole-2-yl)benzene is used as a hole confinement layer and tris-(phenylpyrazole)iridium [Ir(ppz)3] is utilized for an electron confinement layer (ECL). The electIn this Letter, blue phosphorescence organic light-emitting diodes (PHOLEDs) employ structures for electron and/or hole confinement; 1,3,5-tris(N -phenylbenzimiazole-2-yl)benzene is used as a hole confinement layer and tris-(phenylpyrazole)iridium [Ir ( ppz ) 3 1500 cd / m 2 43.76 cd / A
Chinese Optics Letters
- Publication Date: Mar. 10, 2015
- Vol. 13, Issue 3, 032301 (2015)
Design of a backlight module with a freeform surface by applying the Taguchi method
Yingcong Chen, Shangsheng Wen, and Pengcheng Song
A novel structure, called a “freeform surface,” is integrated into a direct type light-emitting diode backlight. By applying the Taguchi method, the performance of this backlight is optimized. The Taguchi experiments are configured in L9(34) orthogonal arrays and are simulated via LightTool analysis software. After thaA novel structure, called a “freeform surface,” is integrated into a direct type light-emitting diode backlight. By applying the Taguchi method, the performance of this backlight is optimized. The Taguchi experiments are configured in L 9 ( 3 4 )
Chinese Optics Letters
- Publication Date: Mar. 10, 2015
- Vol. 13, Issue 3, 032302 (2015)
Fiber Optics and Optical Communications
Method for measurement of fusion-splicing-induced reflection in a photonic bandgap fiber-optical gyro
Xiaobin Xu, Zhihao Zhang, Zuchen Zhang, Jing Jin, and Ningfang Song
We propose a method for the real-time measurement of the reflection at both splicing points between a photonic bandgap fiber coil and conventional fiber during the process of fusion splicing in a photonic bandgap fiber optical gyroscope (PBFOG), using the interference among the secondary waves, which arise from the fusWe propose a method for the real-time measurement of the reflection at both splicing points between a photonic bandgap fiber coil and conventional fiber during the process of fusion splicing in a photonic bandgap fiber optical gyroscope (PBFOG), using the interference among the secondary waves, which arise from the fusion splicing points and the mirror face produced by intentionally cutting the bear end of the coupler. The method is theoretically proven and experimentally verified in a practical PBFOG, and it is significant for inline examination of the fusion splicing quality and evaluation of the PBFOG performance..
Chinese Optics Letters
- Publication Date: Mar. 10, 2015
- Vol. 13, Issue 3, 030601 (2015)
Mode-locked 2 μm fiber laser with a multi-walled carbon nanotube as a saturable absorber
S. M. Azooz, F. Ahmad, H. Ahmad, S. W. Harun, B. A. Hamida, S. Khan, A. Halder, M. C. Paul, M. Pal, and S. K. Bhadra
We propose and demonstrate a passively mode-locked fiber laser operating at 1951.8 nm using a commercial thulium-doped fiber (TDF) laser, a homemade double-clad thulium–ytterbium co-doped fiber (TYDF) as the gain media, and a multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) based saturable absorber (SA). We prepare the MWCNT compoWe propose and demonstrate a passively mode-locked fiber laser operating at 1951.8 nm using a commercial thulium-doped fiber (TDF) laser, a homemade double-clad thulium–ytterbium co-doped fiber (TYDF) as the gain media, and a multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) based saturable absorber (SA). We prepare the MWCNT composite by mixing a homogeneous solution of MWCNTs with a diluted polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) polymer solution and then drying it at room temperature to form a film. The film is placed between two fiber connectors as a SA before it is integrated into a laser ring cavity. The cavity consists of a 2 m long TDF pumped by a 800 nm laser diode and a 15 m long homemade TYDF pumped by a 905 nm multimode laser diode. A stable mode-locking pulse with a repetition rate of 34.6 MHz and a pulse width of 10.79 ps is obtained when the 905 nm multimode pump power reaches 1.8–2.2 W, while the single-mode 800 nm pump power is fixed at 141.5 mW at all times. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported mode-locked fiber laser using a MWCNT-based SA..
Chinese Optics Letters
- Publication Date: Mar. 10, 2015
- Vol. 13, Issue 3, 030602 (2015)
Imaging Systems
3D image reconstruction with controllable spatial filtering based on correlation of multiple periodic functions in computational integral imaging
Jae-Young Jang, Myungjin Cho, and Eun-Soo Kim
We propose a novel method of slice image reconstruction with controllable spatial filtering by using the correlation of periodic delta-function arrays (PDFAs) with elemental images in computational integral imaging. The multiple PDFAs, whose spatial periods correspond to object’s depths with the elemental image array (We propose a novel method of slice image reconstruction with controllable spatial filtering by using the correlation of periodic delta-function arrays (PDFAs) with elemental images in computational integral imaging. The multiple PDFAs, whose spatial periods correspond to object’s depths with the elemental image array (EIA), can generate a set of spatially filtered EIAs for multiple object depths compared with the conventional method for the depth of a single object. We analyze a controllable spatial filtering effect by the proposed method. To show the feasibility of the proposed method, we carry out preliminary experiments for multiple objects and present the results..
Chinese Optics Letters
- Publication Date: Mar. 10, 2015
- Vol. 13, Issue 3, 031101 (2015)
Materials
Photochromic effect of HoPO4:Li+ powder
Qing Wen, Siguo Xiao, Xuejun Gao, Wenbing Xia, and Xiaoliang Yang
Li+-doped HoPO4 powders with a pure tetragonal phase are successfully synthesized by the co-precipitation method. It exhibits an obvious color change under sunlight and tri-phosphor fluorescent light illumination. The introduction of Li+ ions into HoPO4 can further enhance its photochromic property effectively. The dopLi + HoPO 4 Li + HoPO 4 Li + HoPO 4 HoPO 4
Chinese Optics Letters
- Publication Date: Mar. 10, 2015
- Vol. 13, Issue 3, 031601 (2015)
Fabrication of transparent Tb3Ga5O12 ceramic
Yue Feng, Hui Lin, Chong Chen, Xuezhuan Yi, Yanru Tang, Shuai Zhang, Ting Yu, Wei Chen, and Shengming Zhou
Tb3Ga5O12 (TGG) is an excellent material for magneto-optical applications, and is the key component in Faraday isolators (FIs). The preparation process of transparent TGG ceramics is experimentally studied. The optical quality and the microstructure of the samples are investigated. The results show that the transmittanTb 3 Ga 5 O 12 125.01 rad T 1 m 1
Chinese Optics Letters
- Publication Date: Mar. 10, 2015
- Vol. 13, Issue 3, 031602 (2015)
Fabrication of transparent Tb3Ga5O12 ceramic
Yue Feng, Hui Lin, Chong Chen, Xuezhuan Yi, Yanru Tang, Shuai Zhang, Ting Yu, Wei Chen, and Shengming Zhou
Tb3Ga5O12 (TGG) is an excellent material for magneto-optical applications, and is the key component in Faraday isolators (FIs). The preparation process of transparent TGG ceramics is experimentally studied. The optical quality and the microstructure of the samples are investigated. The results show that the transmittanTb 3 Ga 5 O 12 125.01 rad T 1 m 1
Chinese Optics Letters
- Publication Date: Mar. 10, 2015
- Vol. 13, Issue 3, 031603 (2015)
Thin Films
Absorption measurement of optical thin films under high power density with a Closed Cavity
Xiaoting Fang, Shengfu Yuan, Wenguang Liu, Baozhu Yan, and Bing Huang
A Closed Cavity measuring platform is built on the basis of a 1000 W-class direct current (DC)-discharge drived continuous-wave (CW) HF/DF chemical laser. On this platform, the absorption coefficients of optical thin films coated on the surfaces of monocrystalline silicon substrates, at the wavelength of 3.6–4.1 μm, isA Closed Cavity measuring platform is built on the basis of a 1000 W-class direct current (DC)-discharge drived continuous-wave (CW) HF/DF chemical laser. On this platform, the absorption coefficients of optical thin films coated on the surfaces of monocrystalline silicon substrates, at the wavelength of 3.6–4.1 μm, is measured, when the power density on the surfaces of optical thin films reaches about 3.16 kW / cm 2
Chinese Optics Letters
- Publication Date: Mar. 10, 2015
- Vol. 13, Issue 3, 033101 (2015)
Optical Design and Fabrication
Real-time surface figure monitoring of optical elements in continuous polishing
Jun Chen, Xueke Xu, Chaoyang Wei, Minghong Yang, Jianxun Gu, and Jianda Shao
A real-time monitoring system is set up based on a computer, dynamic interferometer, beam expanding system, and a beam reflecting system. The stability and repeatability of the monitoring system is verified. A workpiece and a glass monitoring plate are placed in the same ring. The surface figure of the workpiece, monitA real-time monitoring system is set up based on a computer, dynamic interferometer, beam expanding system, and a beam reflecting system. The stability and repeatability of the monitoring system is verified. A workpiece and a glass monitoring plate are placed in the same ring. The surface figure of the workpiece, monitored by the monitoring plate, synchronizes with the surface of the glass monitoring plate in terms of peak–valley and power. The influence of the reflection and transmission surface are discussed in theory and a numeral deviation in online and offline testing data is quantitatively analyzed. The new method provides a quick and easy real-time method to characterize changes to the optical surface during polishing..
Chinese Optics Letters
- Publication Date: Mar. 10, 2015
- Vol. 13, Issue 3, 032201 (2015)
Image Processing
Radiography of a Kα X-ray source generated through ultrahigh picosecond laser–nanostructure target interaction
剑 王, 宗清 赵, 卫华 何, 斌 朱, 克攻 董, 玉迟 吴, 天奎 张, 牛 高, 凯南 周, 娜 谢, 维民 周, and 渝秋 谷
Laser-driven ultrafast X-ray sources are widely used for diagnostic radiography. However, there is a large divergence of fast electrons when they are generated by an intense short-pulse laser interacting with a foil target. We design a nanowire array target to achieve a more compact point X-ray source. Fast electrons aLaser-driven ultrafast X-ray sources are widely used for diagnostic radiography. However, there is a large divergence of fast electrons when they are generated by an intense short-pulse laser interacting with a foil target. We design a nanowire array target to achieve a more compact point X-ray source. Fast electrons are confined and guided by the nanowire array structure in order to generate a K α 2.4 × 10 4
Chinese Optics Letters
- Publication Date: Mar. 10, 2015
- Vol. 13, Issue 3, 031001 (2015)
Integrated Optics
Tunable dual-band infrared polarization filter based on a metal-dielectric-metal compound rectangular strip array
Biao Chen, Xiahui Zeng, Xiyao Chen, Yuanyuan Lin, Yishen Qiu, and Hui Li
A tunable dual-band infrared polarization filter is proposed and investigated. Based on the perfect absorption characteristic of the metal-dielectric-metal sandwich structure, the reflection spectrum performs as a filter. The filter consists of three layers. The top layer is a compound metal nano-structure array compriA tunable dual-band infrared polarization filter is proposed and investigated. Based on the perfect absorption characteristic of the metal-dielectric-metal sandwich structure, the reflection spectrum performs as a filter. The filter consists of three layers. The top layer is a compound metal nano-structure array comprised of rectangular strips. The middle and bottom layers are a dielectric spacer and metal film, respectively. The calculated results show that the filter properties are closely related to the polarization of the incident light. Different dual-band wavelengths are filtered while the incident light has different polarizations, which are parallel or vertical to the x
Chinese Optics Letters
- Publication Date: Mar. 10, 2015
- Vol. 13, Issue 3, 031301 (2015)
Ultrafast Optics
Chirp control of femtosecond laser-filamentation-induced snow formation in a cloud chamber
Hong Liang, Haiyi Sun, Yonghong Liu, Ye Tian, Jingjing Ju, Cheng Wang, and Jiansheng Liu
Filamentation-induced water condensation and snow formation are investigated using laser pulses with different chirps and pulse widths. Chirped pulses result in the laser filamentation with different spatial lengths and intensities, which has a great impact on airflow motion and snow formation. The experiments show thaFilamentation-induced water condensation and snow formation are investigated using laser pulses with different chirps and pulse widths. Chirped pulses result in the laser filamentation with different spatial lengths and intensities, which has a great impact on airflow motion and snow formation. The experiments show that snow formation mainly relates to the filament intensity distribution. Negative chirped pulses produce a greater amount of snow because of higher intensity inside the filaments as compared with the positive chirped pulses..
Chinese Optics Letters
- Publication Date: Mar. 10, 2015
- Vol. 13, Issue 3, 033201 (2015)
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