• Journal of Semiconductors
  • Vol. 41, Issue 6, 062404 (2020)
Guiping Cao and Ning Dong
Author Affiliations
  • Research Center of High Speed Machine Vision of Hefei, Hefei 230088, China
  • show less
    DOI: 10.1088/1674-4926/41/6/062404 Cite this Article
    Guiping Cao, Ning Dong. An 18-bit sigma –delta switched-capacitor modulator using 4-order single-loop CIFB architecture[J]. Journal of Semiconductors, 2020, 41(6): 062404 Copy Citation Text show less
    (Color online) Noise modulation under different modulation orders.
    Fig. 1. (Color online) Noise modulation under different modulation orders.
    (Color online) Relationship of the SQNR with input signal amplitude.
    Fig. 2. (Color online) Relationship of the SQNR with input signal amplitude.
    4-order single-loop CIFB structure.
    Fig. 3. 4-order single-loop CIFB structure.
    NTF/SFT transfer functions after mapping to CIFB structure.
    Fig. 4. NTF/SFT transfer functions after mapping to CIFB structure.
    (Color online) Simulated SQNR under –6 dB input after mapping to CIFB structure.
    Fig. 5. (Color online) Simulated SQNR under –6 dB input after mapping to CIFB structure.
    SC implementation of the CIFB structure modulator.
    Fig. 6. SC implementation of the CIFB structure modulator.
    Bandgap reference circuit.
    Fig. 7. Bandgap reference circuit.
    Simulated results (bandgap voltage fluctuation with power supply and temperature).
    Fig. 8. Simulated results (bandgap voltage fluctuation with power supply and temperature).
    OTA circuit.
    Fig. 9. OTA circuit.
    (Color online) Frequency Response of the designed OTA.
    Fig. 10. (Color online) Frequency Response of the designed OTA.
    Clocks used in the modulator.
    Fig. 11. Clocks used in the modulator.
    Clock generator circuit.
    Fig. 12. Clock generator circuit.
    Simulation results of clock generator.
    Fig. 13. Simulation results of clock generator.
    Comparator and Latch incorporating a hysteresis.
    Fig. 14. Comparator and Latch incorporating a hysteresis.
    (Color online) Σ–Δ modulator layout.
    Fig. 15. (Color online) Σ–Δ modulator layout.
    Σ–Δ modulator (SDM) layout architecture and chip after manufacturing.
    Fig. 16. Σ–Δ modulator (SDM) layout architecture and chip after manufacturing.
    (Color online) Test bench for the designed Σ–Δ modulator.
    Fig. 17. (Color online) Test bench for the designed Σ–Δ modulator.
    (Color online) Modulated bit stream output of the designed Σ–Δ modulator.
    Fig. 18. (Color online) Modulated bit stream output of the designed Σ–Δ modulator.
    (Color online) Raw bit stream performance comparison of the designed chip with the industrial chip (CS5372).
    Fig. 19. (Color online) Raw bit stream performance comparison of the designed chip with the industrial chip (CS5372).
    (Color online) Performance comparison after digital filtering of the designed chip with the industrial chip (CS5372).
    Fig. 20. (Color online) Performance comparison after digital filtering of the designed chip with the industrial chip (CS5372).
    iaigibici
    10.006640.000070.00531
    20.0682610.000431
    30.31651
    40.8191
    Table 1. CIFB parameters calculated from NTF.
    DC gainPhase marginPower dissipationGBWCommon offsetSingle-side swingSlew rateEffective input noise
    87.8 dB66°2.44 mW28 MHz100 nV±2.2 V5 V/μs 14 nV/Hz1/2 (1 kHz)
    Table 2. Simulation results of OTA.
    PerformanceThis workCS5372
    SNR (dB)93.7993.09
    THD (dB)–101.64–102.22
    SINAD (dB)93.13 dB92.59
    ENOB (bit)15.1815.09
    SFDR (dB)105.82105.09
    ENOB@FS (bit)17.6517.56
    Table 3. Performance comparison between the designed chip and the industrial chip (CS5372).
    ParameterENOBDORDissipation (mW)CMOS process (µm) Power supply (V)OrdersOSRQuantizer (bit)FOM-w
    Geets[21]11.512.5 Msps1520.6553814.20
    Balmelli[22]13.62.5 Msps2000.181.85846.44
    Brigati[23]16.9400 sps500.65432011022.1
    Gerosa[24]9.1256 sps0.00180.81.8316812.8
    Yao[25]14.3500 ksps7.40.131.046410.73
    Chen[26]12.048 ksps300.5556418.30
    This work17.6512 ksps220.353.3412811.63
    Table 4. Performance comparison of the Σ–Δ modulators.
    Guiping Cao, Ning Dong. An 18-bit sigma –delta switched-capacitor modulator using 4-order single-loop CIFB architecture[J]. Journal of Semiconductors, 2020, 41(6): 062404
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