• Photonics Research
  • Vol. 10, Issue 11, 2448 (2022)
Zhenzhao Guo1、2, Jinbiao Xiao2、3、*, and Shengbao Wu1、4、*
Author Affiliations
  • 1Photonics Information Innovation Center, Hebei Provincial Center for Optical Sensing Innovations, College of Physics Science and Technology, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
  • 2National Research Center for Optical Sensing/Communications Integrated Networking, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
  • 3e-mail:
  • 4e-mail:
  • show less
    DOI: 10.1364/PRJ.470827 Cite this Article Set citation alerts
    Zhenzhao Guo, Jinbiao Xiao, Shengbao Wu. Ultracompact, polarization-independent, and highly scalable optical power splitting model employing fan-out bending metamaterials[J]. Photonics Research, 2022, 10(11): 2448 Copy Citation Text show less
    References

    [1] S. Y. Siew, B. Li, F. Gao, H. Y. Zheng, W. Zhang, P. Guo, S. W. Xie, A. Song, B. Dong, L. W. Luo, C. Li, X. Luo, G.-Q. Lo. Review of silicon photonics technology and platform development. J. Lightwave Technol., 39, 4374-4389(2021).

    [2] S. Ummethala, J. N. Kemal, A. S. Alam, M. Lauermann, A. Kuzmin, Y. Kutuvantavida, S. H. Nandam, L. Hahn, D. L. Elder, L. R. Dalton, T. Zwick, S. Randel, W. Freude, C. Koos. Hybrid electro-optic modulator combining silicon photonic slot waveguides with high-k radio-frequency slotlines. Optica, 8, 511-519(2021).

    [3] M. Xu, X. Cai. Advances in integrated ultra-wideband electro-optic modulators [Invited]. Opt. Express, 30, 7253-7274(2022).

    [4] S. Ghosh, B. M. A. Rahman. Design of on-chip hybrid plasmonic Mach-Zehnder interferometer for temperature and concentration detection of chemical solution. Sens. Actuators B Chem., 279, 490-502(2019).

    [5] J. Sun, E. Timurdogan, A. Yaacobi, Z. Su, E. S. Hosseini, D. B. Cole, M. R. Watts. Large-scale silicon photonic circuits for optical phased arrays. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron., 20, 264-278(2014).

    [6] L. Song, H. Li, D. Dai. Mach–Zehnder silicon-photonic switch with low random phase errors. Opt. Lett., 46, 78-81(2021).

    [7] Y. Tian, Z. Liu, T. Ying, H. Xiao, Y. Meng, L. Deng, Y. Zhao, A. Guo, M. Liao, G. Liu, J. Yang. Experimental demonstration of an optical Feynman gate for reversible logic operation using silicon micro-ring resonators. Nanophotonics, 7, 333-337(2018).

    [8] Z. Lin, W. Shi. Broadband, low-loss silicon photonic Y-junction with an arbitrary power splitting ratio. Opt. Express, 27, 14338-14343(2019).

    [9] H. Morino, T. Maruyama, K. Iiyama. Reduction of wavelength dependence of coupling characteristics using Si optical waveguide curved directional coupler. J. Lightwave Technol., 32, 2188-2192(2014).

    [10] L. B. Soldano, E. C. M. Pennings. Optical multi-mode interference devices based on self-imaging: principles and applications. J. Lightwave Technol., 13, 615-627(1995).

    [11] K. K. Chung, H. P. Chan, P. L. Chu. A 1 × 4 polarization and wavelength independent optical power splitter based on a novel wide-angle low-loss Y-junction. Opt. Commun., 267, 367-372(2006).

    [12] L. Liu, Q. Deng, Z. Zhou. Manipulation of beat length and wavelength dependence of a polarization beam splitter using a subwavelength grating. Opt. Lett., 41, 5126-5129(2016).

    [13] Y. Zhang, S. Yang, A. E.-J. Lim, G.-Q. Lo, C. Galland, T. Baehr-Jones, M. Hochberg. A compact and low loss Y-junction for submicron silicon waveguide. Opt. Express, 21, 1310-1316(2013).

    [14] Z. Sheng, Z. Wang, C. Qiu, L. Li, A. Pang, A. Wu, X. Wang, S. Zou, F. Gann. A compact and low-loss MMI coupler fabricated with CMOS technology. IEEE Photon. J., 4, 2272-2277(2012).

    [15] C. Ye, D. Dai. Ultra-compact broadband 2 × 2 3 dB power splitter using subwavelength-grating-assisted asymmetric directional coupler. J. Lightwave Technol., 38, 2370-2375(2020).

    [16] M. Zhang, R. Malureanu, A. C. Krüger, M. Kristensen. 1 × 3 beam splitter for TE polarization based on self-imaging phenomena in photonic crystal waveguides. Opt. Express, 18, 14944-14949(2010).

    [17] X. Li, H. Xu, X. Xiao, Z. Li, J. Yu, Y. Yu. Compact and low-loss silicon power splitter based on inverse tapers. Opt. Lett., 38, 4220-4223(2013).

    [18] D. Dai, J. Bauters, J. E. Bowers. Passive technologies for future large-scale photonic integrated circuits on silicon: polarization handling, light non-reciprocity and loss reduction. Light Sci. Appl., 1, e1(2012).

    [19] D. Dai, L. Liu, S. Gao, D. X. Xu, S. He. Polarization management for silicon photonic integrated circuits. Laser Photon. Rev., 7, 303-328(2013).

    [20] R. Yao, H. Li, B. Zhang, W. Chen, P. Wang, S. Dai, Y. Liu, J. Li, Y. Li, Q. Fu, T. Dai, H. Yu, J. Yang, L. Pavesi. Compact and low-insertion-loss 1 × N power splitter in silicon photonics. J. Lightwave Technol., 39, 6253-6259(2021).

    [21] Y. Luo, Y. Yu, W. Wu, X. Zhang. Polarization-insensitive 3-dB coupler for polarization and wavelength division multiplexed systems. IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., 29, 102-105(2017).

    [22] H. Li, W. Chen, P. Wang, S. Dai, Y. Liu, Q. Fu, J. Li, Y. Li, T. Dai, H. Yu, J. Yang. Compact and low-loss 1 × 3 polarization-insensitive optical power splitter using cascaded tapered silicon waveguides. Opt. Lett., 45, 5596-5599(2020).

    [23] S. H. Tao, Q. Fang, J. F. Song, M. B. Yu, G. Q. Lo, D. L. Kwong. Cascade wide-angle Y-junction 1 × 16 optical power splitter based on silicon wire waveguides on silicon-on-insulator. Opt. Express, 16, 21456-21461(2008).

    [24] A. Hosseini, D. N. Kwong, Y. Zhang, H. Subbaraman, X. Xu, R. T. Chen. 1 × N multimode interference beam splitter design techniques for on-chip optical interconnections. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron., 17, 510-515(2011).

    [25] C. Pérez-Armenta, A. Ortega-Moñux, J. Luque-González, R. Halir, P. Reyes-Iglesias, J. Schmid, P. Cheben, Í. Molina-Fernández, J. G. Wangüemert-Pérez. Polarization-independent multimode interference coupler with anisotropy-engineered bricked metamaterial. Photon. Res., 10, A57-A65(2022).

    [26] R. Halir, P. J. Bock, P. Cheben, A. Ortega-Moñux, C. Alonso-Ramos, J. H. Schmid, J. Lapointe, D. X. Xu, J. G. Wangüemert-Pérez, Í. Molina-Fernández, S. Janz. Waveguide sub-wavelength structures: a review of principles and applications. Laser Photon. Rev., 9, 25-49(2015).

    [27] C. Li, M. Zhang, H. Xu, Y. Tan, Y. Shi, D. Dai. Subwavelength silicon photonics for on-chip mode-manipulation. PhotoniX, 2, 11(2021).

    [28] R. Halir, A. Ortega-Moñux, D. Benedikovic, G. Z. Mashanovich, J. G. Wangüemert-Pérez, J. H. Schmid, Í. MolinaFernández, P. Cheben. Subwavelength-grating metamaterial structures for silicon photonic devices. Proc. IEEE, 106, 2144-2157(2018).

    [29] R. F. de Cabo, D. González-Andrade, P. Cheben, A. V. Velasco. High-performance on-chip silicon beamsplitter based on subwavelength metamaterials for enhanced fabrication tolerance. Nanomaterials, 11, 1304(2021).

    [30] J. Xiao, Z. Guo. Ultracompact polarization-insensitive power splitter using subwavelength gratings. IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., 30, 529-532(2018).

    [31] H. Yun, L. Chrostowski, N. A. F. Jaeger. Ultra-broadband 2 × 2 adiabatic 3 dB coupler using subwavelength-grating-assisted silicon-on-insulator strip waveguides. Opt. Lett., 43, 1935-1938(2018).

    [32] L. Xu, Y. Wang, A. Kumar, E. El-Fiky, D. Mao, H. Tamazin, M. Jacques, Z. Xing, M. G. Saber, D. V. Plant. Compact high-performance adiabatic 3-dB coupler enabled by subwavelength grating slot in the silicon-on-insulator platform. Opt. Express, 26, 29873-29885(2018).

    [33] A. Zhang, L. Xia, T. Li, C. Chang, P. Zhou, X. Xu, Y. Zou. Ultra-compact polarization-independent 3 dB power splitter in silicon. Opt. Lett., 46, 5000-5003(2021).

    [34] M. M. Gilarlue, J. Nourinia, C. Ghobadi, S. H. Badri, H. R. Saghai. Multilayered Maxwell’s fisheye lens as waveguide crossing. Opt. Commun., 435, 385-393(2019).

    [35] S. H. Badri, H. R. Saghai, H. Soofi. Polymer multimode waveguide bend based on a multilayered Eaton lens. Appl. Opt., 58, 5219-5224(2019).

    [36] F. Van Laere, T. Claes, J. Schrauwen, S. Scheerlinck, W. Bogaerts, D. Taillaert, L. O’Faolain, D. Van Thourhout, R. Baets. Compact focusing grating couplers for silicon-on-insulator integrated circuits. IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., 19, 1919-1921(2007).

    [37] S. Li, L. Cai, D. Gao, J. Dong, J. Hou, C. Yang, S. Chen, X. Zhang. Deterministic design of focusing apodized subwavelength grating coupler based on weak form and transformation optics. Opt. Express, 28, 35395-35412(2020).

    [38] A. Mekis, S. Gloeckner, G. Masini, A. Narasimha, T. Pinguet, S. Sahni, P. De Dobbelaere. A grating-coupler-enabled CMOS photonics platform. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron., 17, 597-608(2011).

    [39] H. Becker, C. J. Krückel, D. Van Thourhout, M. J. R. Heck. Out-of-plane focusing grating couplers for silicon photonics integration with optical MRAM technology. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron., 26, 8300408(2020).

    [40] D. M. Sullivan. Electromagnetic Simulation Using the FDTD Method(2013).

    [41] D. F. G. Gallagher, T. P. Felici. Eigenmode expansion methods for simulation of optical propagation in photonics: pros and cons. Proc. SPIE, 4987, 69-82(2003).

    [42] Z. Wang, Z. Fan, J. Xia, S. Chen, J. Yu. 1 × 8 cascaded multimode interference splitter in silicon-on insulator. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 43, 5085-5087(2004).

    Zhenzhao Guo, Jinbiao Xiao, Shengbao Wu. Ultracompact, polarization-independent, and highly scalable optical power splitting model employing fan-out bending metamaterials[J]. Photonics Research, 2022, 10(11): 2448
    Download Citation