• Photonics Research
  • Vol. 10, Issue 11, 2448 (2022)
Zhenzhao Guo1、2, Jinbiao Xiao2、3、*, and Shengbao Wu1、4、*
Author Affiliations
  • 1Photonics Information Innovation Center, Hebei Provincial Center for Optical Sensing Innovations, College of Physics Science and Technology, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
  • 2National Research Center for Optical Sensing/Communications Integrated Networking, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
  • 3e-mail:
  • 4e-mail:
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    DOI: 10.1364/PRJ.470827 Cite this Article Set citation alerts
    Zhenzhao Guo, Jinbiao Xiao, Shengbao Wu. Ultracompact, polarization-independent, and highly scalable optical power splitting model employing fan-out bending metamaterials[J]. Photonics Research, 2022, 10(11): 2448 Copy Citation Text show less

    Abstract

    Optical power splitters (OPSs) are essential components in the photonic integrated circuits. Considerable power splitting schemes have been reported on the silicon-on-insulator platform. However, the corresponding device lengths are enlarged, and polarization-sensitive operations are usually encountered when the splitting channels are increased from two to five. In this paper, a novel power splitting model is proposed to overcome these limitations. Here, fan-out bending subwavelength grating (FBSWG) metamaterials instead of classical straight SWGs are leveraged to expand the input TE/TM mode in an ultracompact region and further bend its wavefronts. By using N-angled tapers to match bending wavefronts, the light expanded by FBSWGs can be collected and evenly distributed into N output channels. Based on such a model, three OPSs are designed and experimentally demonstrated, which are the shortest polarization-independent 1×3, 1×4, and 1×5 OPSs reported until now to our knowledge. The characterizations show low insertion losses (<1.2 dB, <1.35 dB, and <1.65 dB) and uniformities (<0.9 dB, <1 dB, and <1 dB) over bandwidths of 54 nm, 49 nm, and 38 nm for the 1×3, 1×4, and 1×5 OPSs, respectively. For the first time, an ultracompact device length of <4.3 μm and a polarization-independent operation can be maintained simultaneously as the output splitting channels are increased.
    Rm=R0+(m1)·Λ,

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    no2f·nSi2+(1f)·nSiO22,

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    1/ne2f/nSi2+(1f)/nSiO22,

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    no·k0·R=nc·k0·R·sin(θf)cos(α)+2πm,

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    IL  (dB)=10log(iNPOi/PI),

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    OU  (dB)=10log(min{PO1,PO2,,PON}/max{PO1,PO2,,PON}),

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    PSD=max{NTO1,NTO2,,NTON}min{NTO1,NTO2,,NTON},

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    L  (μm)=max{R0+M1i·Λ(Λa)Ls,max{L1+LO1·cos(θO1),,Li+LOi·cos(θOi)}},

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    Tchanneli(dB)=TOi/3,

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    Zhenzhao Guo, Jinbiao Xiao, Shengbao Wu. Ultracompact, polarization-independent, and highly scalable optical power splitting model employing fan-out bending metamaterials[J]. Photonics Research, 2022, 10(11): 2448
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