Fig. 1. (Color online) The structure of IC (integrated circuit) chip ESD protection system.
Fig. 2. CMOS input and output ESD protection circuit.
Fig. 3. ESD working principle of GGNMOS device.
Fig. 4. (Color online) Typical discharge curve and design window of GGNMOS device in ESD event.
Fig. 5. (Color online) (a) Structure diagram of GGNMOS. (b) 3D display of GGNMOS device.
Fig. 6. (Color online) TCAD process simulation results of GGNMOS devices.
Fig. 7. Comparison of the TCAD and test structure GGNMOS TLP curve.
Fig. 8. (Color online) The impact ionization, current density and lattice temperature diagrams.
Fig. 9. (Color online) The influence of gate length and DCGS on the lattice temperature of GGNMOS.
Fig. 10. (Color online) Effect of different ESD ion implantation dose on 3.3 V GGNMOS It2.
Fig. 11. (Color online) Influence of single finger width on ESD current.
Fig. 12. (Color online) Influence of number of fingers on ESD current.
Fig. 13. (Color online) Effect of DCGS size on the ESD performance of GGNMOS.
Fig. 14. (Color online) GGNMOS TLP curves with a total 240 μm width. (a) 3.3 V GGNMOS TLP It2 = 2.9 A. (b) 1.8 V GGNMOS TLP It2 = 3.84 A.
Fig. 15. (Color online) EMMI of DSP circuit pad ESD fails.
Fig. 16. (Color online) GGNMOS It2 value versus process nodes.
Item | Feature |
---|
Minimum feature size | 0.18 μm undoped polysilicon gate
| Operating voltage | Core device 1.8 V, IO device 3.3 V | Isolation technology | STI | Well structure | Double retrograded well | Spacer | Type LONO Spacer | Gate oxide | Dual gate oxide | Silicide | Fully self aligned CoSi2 gate, source, drain
| Interconnection | Aluminum interconnection with tungsten plug technology HDP low-K FSG IMD
| Optional device | DN, HR, MIM optional | Reliability | ≥ 20 years | TID | ≥ 300 krad (Si) | SEL | ≥ 75 MeV·cm2/mg
| SEU | ≤ 1 × 10–10 error /(bit·day) (with standard library)
|
|
Table 1. The radiation-hardened 0.18 μm CMOS process characteristic parameters.
GGNMOS device | Single finger width (μm)
| Multi finger number | Total width (μm)
| Vt2 (V)
| It2 (A)
| Discharge efficiency Iesd(mA/μm)
| Reference |
---|
a Indicate this work. b Published literature, Fig. 16.
| 3.3 Va | 40 | 6 | 240 | 7.60 | 2.90 | 12.08 | / | 1.8 Va | 40 | 6 | 240 | 8.61 | 3.84 | 16.0 | / | 1.8 V | 40 | 8 | 320 | 20.27 | 4.55 | 14.2 | [17]
| 3.3 V | 60 | 6 | 360 | / | 3 (≥ 4500 V) | 8.33 | [18]
| 3.3 V | 30 | 12 | 360 | / | 1 (≥ 1500 V) | 2.78 | [18]
| 3.3 V | 60 | 12 | 720 | / | 3 (≥ 8000 V) | 7.4 | [18]
| 3.3 V | 90 | 8 | 720 | 5.24 | 5.17 | 7.18 | [19]
| 1.8 V | / | / | / | / | / | 9.1b | [1]
| 3.3 V | / | / | / | / | / | 8.1b | [1]
|
|
Table 2. Comparison with literature.