Journals >Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
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2018
Volume: 37 Issue 4
19 Article(s)
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Growth optimization of GaAs-based InAs/AlSb 2DEG structure
CUI Xiao-Ran, LYU Hong-Liang, LI Jin-Lun, SU Xiang-Bin, XU Ying-Qiang, and NIU Zhi-Chuan
InAs/AlSb two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) structures were successfully grown by MBE equipment. 2DEG characteristics of samples were improved by optimizing the the thickness of AlGaSb buffer layer, the thickness of InAs/AlSb interface layer, and the thickness of AlSb spacer. The InAs/AlSb 2DEG structure sample with InAs/AlSb two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) structures were successfully grown by MBE equipment. 2DEG characteristics of samples were improved by optimizing the the thickness of AlGaSb buffer layer, the thickness of InAs/AlSb interface layer, and the thickness of AlSb spacer. The InAs/AlSb 2DEG structure sample with an electron mobility of 20500 cm2/V·s and a sheet electron density of 2.0×1012/cm2 were achieved when the thickness of AlSb spacer is fixed at 5 nm. It provides a reference for the research and fabrication of InAs/AlSb HEMT..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Jan. 01, 1900
- Vol. 37, Issue 4, 385 (2018)
An effective method for antenna design in field effect transistor terahertz detectors
ZHANG Bo-Wen, YAN Wei, LI Zhao-Feng, BAI Long, Grzegorz Cywinski, Ivan Yahniuk, Krzesimir Szkudlarek, Czeslaw Skierbiszewski, Jacek Przybytek, Dmytro B. But, Dominique Coquillat, Wojciech Knap, and YANG Fu-Hua
In the implementation of field effect transistor (FET) terahertz (THz) detectors, the integration of properly designed planar antennas could effectively enhance the coupling efficiencies between the transistors and THz radiation, thus improving the responsivities of THz detectors. A method to design the planar antenna In the implementation of field effect transistor (FET) terahertz (THz) detectors, the integration of properly designed planar antennas could effectively enhance the coupling efficiencies between the transistors and THz radiation, thus improving the responsivities of THz detectors. A method to design the planar antenna which is based on the simulation of channel electric field at the gate edge of FET is reported here. This method is suitable for the situation where the input impedances of FETs may not be conveniently obtained in the THz regime. The validity of this method in the antenna design is confirmed by the measurements of the fabricated GaN/AlGaN FET THz detectors. The maximum responsivities of the bowtie detector and the dual-dipole detector are obtained at 170 7 GHz (1568.4 V/W) and 124.3 GHz (1047.2 V/W) respectively, which are close to the simulation results of channel electric field at the gate edge of the bowtie detector and the dual-dipole detector..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Jan. 01, 1900
- Vol. 37, Issue 4, 389 (2018)
Radio-frequency modeling and parameter extraction of graphene on-chip spiral inductors
ZHANG Yi-Xin, ZHANG Ao, WANG Bo-Ran, and GAO Jian-Jun
An improved equivalent circuit model for graphene spiral inductors based on physical principles is pre-sented in this letter. The model is a π-circuit with additional parallel RC network in the series branch. A parameter extraction approach for proposed model, which combines the analytical approach and empirical optimiAn improved equivalent circuit model for graphene spiral inductors based on physical principles is pre-sented in this letter. The model is a π-circuit with additional parallel RC network in the series branch. A parameter extraction approach for proposed model, which combines the analytical approach and empirical optimization procedure, is also investigated. Good agreement is obtained between the simulated and measured S-parameters up to 40 GHz..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Jan. 01, 1900
- Vol. 37, Issue 4, 393 (2018)
Annealing of Au doped HgCdTe covered by electron beam evaporated CdTe
WANG Xi, ZHOU Song-Min, SUN Chang-Hong, WEI Yan-Feng, SHEN Hao, and LIN Chun
In this report, series of annealing experiments under different temperatures of Au-doped HgCdTe covered by CdTe have been implemented. The annealing process can improve the crystal state of electron beam evaporated CdTe layer. The interface between CdTe and HgCdTe can also be modified. The Au doping distribution in HgCIn this report, series of annealing experiments under different temperatures of Au-doped HgCdTe covered by CdTe have been implemented. The annealing process can improve the crystal state of electron beam evaporated CdTe layer. The interface between CdTe and HgCdTe can also be modified. The Au doping distribution in HgCdTe did not change after the vacuum annealing at 240℃ and 300℃. However, the Au element diffused into the CdTe cap layer significantly, leading to a higher concentration of (5~6)×1016 cm-3. On the other hand, the concentration of mercury vacancy after various annealing processes was different due to the temperature-dependent diffusion mechanism. In general, the carrier concentration measured by HALL effect varied from 2×1016 cm-3 to 5.5×1016 cm-3, when the annealing temperature was increased from 240℃ to 300℃..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Jan. 01, 1900
- Vol. 37, Issue 4, 399 (2018)
Study on high energy efficiency 30 K sigle-stage pulse tube cryocooler for a space infrared detector
LIU Shao-Shuai, JIANG Zhen-Hua, ZHANG An-Kuo, TANG Zhen-Gang, DING Lei, and WU Yi-Nong
The impedance matching model is built to optimize the performance of the PTC from both cold finger and compressor. Based on the thermoacoustic theory, a 1-D simulation model of the 30 K PTC is built by using DeltaEC software for optimizing the coupling working parameters of the cold finger and compressor. The effects oThe impedance matching model is built to optimize the performance of the PTC from both cold finger and compressor. Based on the thermoacoustic theory, a 1-D simulation model of the 30 K PTC is built by using DeltaEC software for optimizing the coupling working parameters of the cold finger and compressor. The effects of the regenerator material, the inertance tube and the reservoir on the impedance of the cold finger are investigated theoretically. The test system is set up and the results show that the lowest temperature of 24.24 K and cooling power of 1 W at 30 K with electric power of 227 W can be obtained, which satisfy the applications of the space infrared detectors..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Jan. 01, 1900
- Vol. 37, Issue 4, 403 (2018)
On-orbit test to FY-4A AGRI and generating RBG image
CHEN Bo-Yang, WU Qiong, FENG Xuan, GUO Qiang, and WEI Cai-Ying
After launching FengYun-4(FY-4), the on-orbit test to the satellite is done, the MTF of the solar reflectance bands is better than 0.14, 0.17 and 0.22, that is better than the designed capability. The noise test is based on the black-body on the apparatus, the noise for all the infrared bands is less than 0.2 K@300 K, After launching FengYun-4(FY-4), the on-orbit test to the satellite is done, the MTF of the solar reflectance bands is better than 0.14, 0.17 and 0.22, that is better than the designed capability. The noise test is based on the black-body on the apparatus, the noise for all the infrared bands is less than 0.2 K@300 K, the noise of the best band is about 0.06 K@300 K. The calibration precession of infrared band is validated by the GSICS algorithm, the bias of all the infrared bands are less than 1K comparing to IASI, the bias of the best band is about 0.3 K@290 K. The RGB image carries more information than the gray image, although the AGRI has 6 solar reflectance bands, there are no real red, green and blue bands of human beings, a new algorithm generating RGB image for AGRI is suggested, based on the character of 0.82 band, a very beautiful RGB image which is good to human beings is generated, that improves the multi band use for AGRI..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Jan. 01, 1900
- Vol. 37, Issue 4, 411 (2018)
Polarization reflectance retrieval method based on atmospheric radiative transfer model
ZHAO Hui-Jie, XING Jian, and JIA Guo-Rui
Current polarization detection is mainly based on the polarization state of at-sensor radiance, which can enhance objects of interest or restrain background disturbance qualitatively. There is only empirical linear method for polarized reflectance retrieval of ground objects, which is inadequate in terms of adaptabilitCurrent polarization detection is mainly based on the polarization state of at-sensor radiance, which can enhance objects of interest or restrain background disturbance qualitatively. There is only empirical linear method for polarized reflectance retrieval of ground objects, which is inadequate in terms of adaptability and real-time capability under varied observation conditions. A polarized reflectance retrieval method based on polarized atmospheric radiative transfer model is hereby proposed. A lookup table (LUT) is established by using the radiative transfer model to illustrate the relationship among polarized reflectance, observation condition and at-sensor polarization state. Polarized reflectance can then be retrieved using the LUT combined with numerical calculation. Results show that the retrieval accuracy of polarized reflectance of typical ground objects can be up to 90%..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Jan. 01, 1900
- Vol. 37, Issue 4, 416 (2018)
Analysis and suppression method of flickering pixel noise in images of infrared linear detector
LIU Gao-Rui, SUN Sheng-Li, LIN Chang-Qing, and LYU Ping-Yue
In this paper, the characteristics of the flickering pixel phenomenon in the infrared scanning image are analyzed. The detection and compensation method of the flickering pixel based on the time series multi-frame maximum projection is designed. Considering that the flickering pixels still retain a part of the informatIn this paper, the characteristics of the flickering pixel phenomenon in the infrared scanning image are analyzed. The detection and compensation method of the flickering pixel based on the time series multi-frame maximum projection is designed. Considering that the flickering pixels still retain a part of the information acquisition ability, the one-dimensional median filter is used to suppress the background for the position where flickering pixels exist. Traditional methods of target detection are carried out for the image after flickering pixels compensated. Experiment results show that after background suppression, the target average signal to clutter ratio in the flickering pixel location can reach 96% of the normal position, and the target information is well preserved. The traditional method of target detection is no longer interfered by flickering noise..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Jan. 01, 1900
- Vol. 37, Issue 4, 421 (2018)
Single frame infrared image super-resolution algorithm based on generative adversarial nets
SHAO Bao-Tai, TANG Xin-Yi, JIN Lu, and LI Zheng
Image processing makes super-resolution infrared image reconstruction effectively improve infrared images resolution, which breaks through hardware performance limits. Based on deep learning, super-resolution method is applied to infrared image, which enables the super-resolution reconstruction of single-frame infraredImage processing makes super-resolution infrared image reconstruction effectively improve infrared images resolution, which breaks through hardware performance limits. Based on deep learning, super-resolution method is applied to infrared image, which enables the super-resolution reconstruction of single-frame infrared image. Thus, better evaluation results are acquired. Derived from adversarial thoughts, adding a loss function based on discriminant network can improve magnification, which can access to better high-frequency details of the restoration and can sharpen image edge and avoid blurred super-resolution infrared images..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Jan. 01, 1900
- Vol. 37, Issue 4, 427 (2018)
Multi-wavelength picosecond laser in visible and near-infrared bands
KANG Wen-Yun, SONG Xiao-Quan, and FAN Dong-Qi
To solve the problems of narrow coverage spectrum and difficulty of generation of near-infrared band laser, an experiment al system is developed for multi-wavelength picosecond laser based on stimulated Raman scattering effects. Generation of visible and near-infrared band multi-wavelength picosecond laser is facilitatTo solve the problems of narrow coverage spectrum and difficulty of generation of near-infrared band laser, an experiment al system is developed for multi-wavelength picosecond laser based on stimulated Raman scattering effects. Generation of visible and near-infrared band multi-wavelength picosecond laser is facilitated with methods such as focusing laser beam pump and laser pump energy optimizing and coupling, using 1 kHz repetition frequency and 532 nm wavelength picosecond laser source pump KGd (WO4)2 crystal. The seventh order stokes and sixth order anti-stokes lasers generated cover the spectrum of 415~800 nm with an output Raman laser power of 1.76W. Results of the study can be used in the research and development of new picosecond laser sources..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Jan. 01, 1900
- Vol. 37, Issue 4, 433 (2018)
Design of optical engine for zoom infrared two-band scene simulator based on dual-DMD
PAN Yue, XU Xi-Ping, and Qiao Yang
In order to simulate the spectral distribution difference between the target and the interference in real scene, a zoom optical engine with two channels and the same caliber has been designed based on dual digital micro-mirror device (DMD), it includes projection optical system and two illumination optical systems. TheIn order to simulate the spectral distribution difference between the target and the interference in real scene, a zoom optical engine with two channels and the same caliber has been designed based on dual digital micro-mirror device (DMD), it includes projection optical system and two illumination optical systems. The optical engine directly illuminates two DMD target surfaces respectively with long-wave infrared (LWIR) and mid-wave infrared (MWIR) Kohler telecentric beam. It uses spatial stereoscopic layout to get avoid of interference between different optical paths. The design result shows that the illuminance uniformity of illumination optical system is better than 94%. The modulation transfer function (MTF) values of zoom projection optical system are better than 0.4 and better than 0.7 at 10 1p/mm respectively in bands of LWIR (8~12 μm) and MWIR (3.7~ 4.8 μm). And the distortion is better than 0.5%, which meet the requirements..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Jan. 01, 1900
- Vol. 37, Issue 4, 437 (2018)
Retrieval of cirrus cloud top height over ocean based on multi-angle polarized information
LI Shu, SUN Xiao-Bing, TI Ru-Fang, HUANG Hong-Lian, CHEN Zhen-Ting, and QIAO Yan-Li
Cloud top height could be retrieved by polarized information. In order to reduce the uncertainty of retrieval results caused by the variability of cloud and surface polarized properties, the multi-angle polarized information of 490 nm band and 865 nm band was used to retrieve cirrus cloud top height. Atmospheric top poCloud top height could be retrieved by polarized information. In order to reduce the uncertainty of retrieval results caused by the variability of cloud and surface polarized properties, the multi-angle polarized information of 490 nm band and 865 nm band was used to retrieve cirrus cloud top height. Atmospheric top polarized information and the differences of atmospheric top polarized information between 490 nm band and 865nm band was theoretically analyzed, which showed that it was feasible to retrieve cirrus cloud top height using polarized reflectance difference between 490 nm band and 865 nm band. Cirrus cloud was assumed as General Habit Mixture (GHM) model, the polarized reflectance difference was evaluated by the vector radiative transfer model based on adding-doubling method, and the sensitivity of polarized reflectance to cirrus cloud effective radius, optical thickness and cloud top pressure were evaluated. The results show that when the cirrus cloud optical thickness is greater than 3, the polarized reflectance difference is not sensitive to the change of effective particle radius and optical thickness, and is sensitive to the change of cloud top pressure. The polarized reflectance difference look-up table was constructed by choosing appropriate parameters according to sensitivity analysis, and retrieved cirrus cloud top heights using look-up table method base on POLDER3 data. The retrieval results were compared with POLDER3 product and MODIS product. The results indicate that compared with the official POLDER3 algorithm, the polarized reflectance difference look-up table method could applied to a wider scattering angle range, and had a better consistency with MODIS product..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Jan. 01, 1900
- Vol. 37, Issue 4, 445 (2018)
Design of a W-band power amplifier/combiner based on spatial power-combining technique
HUANG Zhao-Yu, XU Jun, RAN Dong, and QI Yun-Fei
In this paper, basing on the radial-line waveguide combining technology, the W-band power amplifier is designed. The design of amplifier uses 4-way GaN MMIC combination. The output power is 3.7 W at 90 GHz and the combining efficiency is 94.3%. This structure has a good engineering application value.In this paper, basing on the radial-line waveguide combining technology, the W-band power amplifier is designed. The design of amplifier uses 4-way GaN MMIC combination. The output power is 3.7 W at 90 GHz and the combining efficiency is 94.3%. This structure has a good engineering application value..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Jan. 01, 1900
- Vol. 37, Issue 4, 454 (2018)
Estimation of surface soil moisture based on thermal remote sensing: Intercomparison of four methods
YANG Yong-Min, QIU Jian-Xiu, SU Hong-Bo, TIAN Jing, and ZHANG Ren-Hua
Remote sensing-based estimation of soil moisture is crucial in many aspects including basin-scale water resource management, irrigation scheduling, regional scale drought monitoring and crop yield forecasting. In this study, we evaluate the potential of visible/thermal-infrared remote sensing in soil moisture estimatioRemote sensing-based estimation of soil moisture is crucial in many aspects including basin-scale water resource management, irrigation scheduling, regional scale drought monitoring and crop yield forecasting. In this study, we evaluate the potential of visible/thermal-infrared remote sensing in soil moisture estimation, by assessing the TVDI-based method and three categories of methods based on evaporative fraction/potential evaporation ratio (EFM1, EFM2 and EFM3). In combination with ASTER data set, soil moisture in middle reach of the Heihe River Basin is predicted by the above-mentioned four methods and validated by the ground-based measurements from eco-hydrological wireless sensor network and hydro meteorological observation network in the middle reach of Heihe river basin. Results indicate that uncertainties arise from the empiricism of the TVDI-based method in the process of determining dry and wet edges. On the other hand, the evaporation fraction/potential evaporation ratio methods can to some degree reduce the uncertainties, and among the three methods, EFM1 and EFM3 outperform EFM2. In addition, the thermal-infrared based methods require accurate soil parameters to reproduce the variation of soil moisture..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Jan. 01, 1900
- Vol. 37, Issue 4, 459 (2018)
Airport low-level wind shear observation based on short-range CDL
ZHANG Hong-Wei, WU Song-Hua, YIN Jia-Ping, and WANG Qi-Chao
In this paper, the disastrous influence to the landing aircraft of low-level wind shear and present study to the low-level wind shear field observation have been explained briefly and the method of retrieving headwind profiles from step wise PPI scans in detail. The data with multi-mode analyzed in this paper are basedIn this paper, the disastrous influence to the landing aircraft of low-level wind shear and present study to the low-level wind shear field observation have been explained briefly and the method of retrieving headwind profiles from step wise PPI scans in detail. The data with multi-mode analyzed in this paper are based on short range CDL configured at BCIA (Beijing Capital International Airport) from December 2015 to March 2016. The reliability of algorithms have been proved by wind shear reports from the crew and the airport terminal control office. CDL has been proved to be an effective tool to capture the low-level wind shear events under clear conditions..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Jan. 01, 1900
- Vol. 37, Issue 4, 468 (2018)
A BP-NN based cloud detection method for FY-4 remote sensing images
GAO Jun, WANG Kai, TIAN Xiao-Yu, and CHEN Jian
In this paper, normalized difference cloud moving index (NDCMI) is put forward by analyzing the remote sensing data every 15 minutes. By applying NDCMI, the detection of low cloud, thin cloud and the edge of moving cloud can be enhanced. We proposed a dynamic threshold method with NDCMI for preliminary cloud detection,In this paper, normalized difference cloud moving index (NDCMI) is put forward by analyzing the remote sensing data every 15 minutes. By applying NDCMI, the detection of low cloud, thin cloud and the edge of moving cloud can be enhanced. We proposed a dynamic threshold method with NDCMI for preliminary cloud detection, and then through the preliminary results, we proposed a novel cloud detection method based on back propagation neural network (BP-NN). The experimental results show that the proposed method can eliminate the subjectivity in threshold selection, and can achieve better cloud detection results for remote sensing image in complex situations..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Jan. 01, 1900
- Vol. 37, Issue 4, 477 (2018)
Relationship between radar imaging and diffraction tomography
JIANG Ge, JING Wen, CHENG Bin-Bin, ZHOU Jian-Xiong, and ZHANG Jian
Although the similarities between radar imaging and diffraction tomography have been recognized, the connection between them is often surprising to practitioners in these fields. The main goal of this paper is to consider together two imaging techniques and clarify the similarities and differences that exist between thAlthough the similarities between radar imaging and diffraction tomography have been recognized, the connection between them is often surprising to practitioners in these fields. The main goal of this paper is to consider together two imaging techniques and clarify the similarities and differences that exist between them. First, Two imaging techniques are derived from Stratton-Chu formula of the inverse scattering problem, which allows a clear understanding of the relationship between the imaging equations and the imaging targets. The targets reconstructed by radar imaging are the perfectly conducting bodies, the targets reconstructed by diffraction tomography are the dielectric bodies. Then, this derivation brings out the similarities of the solution to the unlinear imaging problem which are hidden by the linear approximation method, radar imaging from high frequency asymptotic approximation, diffraction tomography from weak scattering approximation. Finally, Two imaging techniques are discribed as Fourier imaging, which is used to identify the unknown image profile as the inverse Fourier Transform of some composite function constructed from the received data signals..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Jan. 01, 1900
- Vol. 37, Issue 4, 486 (2018)
Development of terahertz waveguide diplexer
WANG Jing, ZHANG Sheng-Wei, LUO Yang-Jin, and MENG Jin
Using formation networking of micro-satellites to observe the earth and miniaturizing microwave devices has been one of the development trends of space remote sensing. Based on atmospheric microwave sounder for micro-satellites, two high-performance terahertz waveguide diplexers were designed. With mode-matching methodUsing formation networking of micro-satellites to observe the earth and miniaturizing microwave devices has been one of the development trends of space remote sensing. Based on atmospheric microwave sounder for micro-satellites, two high-performance terahertz waveguide diplexers were designed. With mode-matching method, the discontinuity element of diplexer was analyzed and the parameters of diplexer were optimized. In order to improve out-band rejection of 89 GHz filter, different widths of resonant cavity was adopted. The simulation results indicated that two diplexers had good performance in insertion loss, out-band rejection, return loss, etc. It is proved that mode-matching method is effective in designing terahertz devices..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Jan. 01, 1900
- Vol. 37, Issue 4, 493 (2018)
A review of aero-engine turbine blade temperature measurement
WANG Chao, GOU Xue-Ke, DUAN Ying, HU Jun, ZHANG Ze-Zhan, YANG Yang, JIANG Jing, JIANG Hong-Chuan, DING Jie-Xiong, CHENG Yu-Hua, LI Li, ZHANG Jiang-Mei, CHEN Hong-Min, XIONG Bing, LIU Xian-Fu, and SHI Xiao-Jiang
The paper briefly introduces several main temperature measurement methods of aero-engine turbine blades, and summarizes the temperature measurement principle, technical characteristics and current research status of thermocouple, crystal, temperature sensitive paint, fluorescence, optical fiber, infrared radiation and The paper briefly introduces several main temperature measurement methods of aero-engine turbine blades, and summarizes the temperature measurement principle, technical characteristics and current research status of thermocouple, crystal, temperature sensitive paint, fluorescence, optical fiber, infrared radiation and multispectral. Finally, the future development trend of turbine blade temperature measurement is prospected..
Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves
- Publication Date: Jan. 01, 1900
- Vol. 37, Issue 4, 501 (2018)
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