Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of calculating the theoretical value of irradiance on the receiver radiated by the surface light source

Fig. 2. XY-polynomial surface

Fig. 3. Sampling results for the XY-polynomial surface light source. (a) (b) (c) Sampled points, directions, and rays of uniform sampling with equal weights; (d) (e) (f) sampled points, directions, and rays of uniform sampling in parameter space with weights

Fig. 4. Theoretical irradiance distribution on the receiver formed by the XY-polynomial surface light source. (a) 3D; (b) 2D

Fig. 5. Error analysis of Monte Carlo modeling results for XY-polynomial surface light source. (a) Theoretical value of irradiance distribution on the receiver formed by surface light source; (b) (c) irradiance distribution on the receiver simulated by uniform sampling with equals weights and its error; (d) (e) irradiance distribution on the receiver simulated by uniform sampling in parameter space and its error

Fig. 6. NURBS surface and the grid points the surface pass through

Fig. 7. Sampling results for the NURBS surface light source. (a) (b) (c) Sampled points, directions, and rays of uniform sampling with equal weights; (d) (e) (f) sampled points, directions, and rays of uniform sampling in parameter space with weights

Fig. 8. Theoretical irradiance distribution on the receiver formed by the NURBS surface light source. (a) 3D; (b) 2D

Fig. 9. Error analysis of Monte Carlo modeling results for NURBS surface light source. (a) Theoretical value of irradiance distribution on the receiver formed by surface light source; (b) (c) irradiance distribution on the receiver simulated by uniform sampling with equal weights and its error; (d) (e) irradiance distribution on the receiver simulated by uniform sampling in parameter space and its error

Fig. 10. Comparison of error and time consumption of different modeling methods for surface light sources. (a) The error of different modeling methods varying with the number of rays; (b) the time consumption of different modeling methods varying with the number of rays

Table 1. Parameters of the XY-polynomial surface of the surface light source