To compare the hyperspectral differences of the vulvar lichen sclerosis (VLS) tissue and normal vulvar tissue and extract their respective features, the melanin content and tissue oxygen saturation (StO₂) in the vulvar skin tissue of 40 patients with VLS were quantitatively analyzed via hyperspectral imaging. Our experimental results suggest that the melanin content index and StO₂ index in lesions are statistically lower than those in the normal vulvar tissues. Therefore, by quantifying the difference between melanin content index and StO₂ index in normal vulvar tissue and VLS tissue, hyperspectral imaging technology provides the possibility of in vivo assisted diagnosis of VLS.