One-dimensional (1D) well-ordered nanostructures of functional oxides open new avenues of applications in wide-range of fields, such as nano-laser, flat panel display, magnetic memory, nano-transistors due to their unique chemical and physical properties. Precise synthesis and assembly of well-ordered 1D oxide nanostructures is therefore essential to the development of next generation nanodevices. Pulsed laser deposition (PLD) is one of the most important methods for producing well-ordered 1D oxide nanostructures. Here we briefly introduce the fundamentals and characteristics of PLD techniques, discuss in detail on the routes and mechanism of preparing 1D well-ordered oxide nanostructures by PLD, and review current research process centering on several typical oxide nanostructures fabricated by PLD. At the end of this review, we briefly point out the existing problems in preparing well-ordered 1D nanostructures by PLD and prospect the application of ultrafast laser in this technology.