[1] World Health. Burns(2018).

[2] Z. Wu, F. Duan, J. Zhang, S. Li, H. Ma, L. Nie. In vivo dual-scale photoacoustic surveillance and assessment of burn healing. Biomed. Opt. Express, 10, 3425-3433(2019).

[3] M. G. Jeschke, M. E. van Baar, M. A. Choudhry, K. K. Chung, N. S. Gibran, S. Logsetty. Burn injury. Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers, 6, 11(2020).

[4] Y. Gao, R. Zoughi. Millimeter wave reflectometry and imaging for noninvasive diagnosis of skin burn injuries. IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas., 66, 77-84(2017).

[5] D. G. Armstrong, K. Bauer, G. Bohn, M. Carter, R. Snyder, T. E. Serena. Principles of best diagnostic practice in tissue repair and wound healing: an expert consensus. Diagnostics, 11, 50(2020).

[6] M. Kaiser, A. Yafi, M. Cinat, B. Choi, A. J. Durkin. Noninvasive assessment of burn wound severity using optical technology: a review of current and future modalities. Burns, 37, 377-386(2011).

[7] A. Oryan, E. Alemzadeh, A. Moshiri. Burn wound healing: present concepts, treatment strategies and future directions. J. Wound Care, 26, 5-19(2017).

[8] J. S. Chatterjee. A critical evaluation of the clinimetrics of laser Doppler as a method of burn assessment in clinical practice. J. Burn Care Res., 27, 123-130(2006).

[9] T. Ida, H. Iwazaki, Y. Kawaguchi, S. Kawauchi, T. Ohkura, K. Iwaya, H. Tsuda, D. Saitoh, S. Sato, T. Iwai. Burn depth assessments by photoacoustic imaging and laser Doppler imaging. Wound Repair Regen., 24, 349-355(2016).

[10] S. Monstrey, H. Hoeksema, J. Verbelen, A. Pirayesh, P. Blondeel. Assessment of burn depth and burn wound healing potential. Burns, 34, 761-769(2008).

[11] S. L. Jacques. Optical properties of biological tissues: a review. Phys. Med. Biol., 58, R37-R61(2013).

[12] V. Ntziachristos. Going deeper than microscopy: the optical imaging frontier in biology. Nat. Methods, 7, 603-614(2010).

[13] H. Ye, S. De. Thermal injury of skin and subcutaneous tissues: a review of experimental approaches and numerical models. Burns, 43, 909-932(2017).

[14] M. E. Khani, O. B. Osman, Z. B. Harris, A. Chen, J. W. Zhou, A. J. Singer, M. H. Arbab. Accurate and early prediction of the wound healing outcome of burn injuries using the wavelet Shannon entropy of terahertz time-domain waveforms. J. Biomed. Opt., 27, 116001(2022).

[15] O. B. Osman, Z. B. Harris, M. E. Khani, J. W. Zhou, A. Chen, A. J. Singer, M. H. Arbab. Deep neural network classification of in vivo burn injuries with different etiologies using terahertz time-domain spectral imaging. Biomed. Opt. Express, 13, 1855-1868(2022).

[16] O. B. Osman, T. J. Tan, S. Henry, A. Warsen, N. Farr, A. M. McClintic, Y. N. Wang, S. Arbabi, M. H. Arbab. Differentiation of burn wounds in an in vivo porcine model using terahertz spectroscopy. Biomed. Opt. Express, 11, 6528-6535(2020).

[17] P. Tewari, Z. D. Taylor, D. Bennett, R. S. Singh, M. O. Culjat, C. P. Kealey, J. P. Hubschman, S. White, A. Cochran, E. R. Brown, W. S. Grundfest. Terahertz imaging of biological tissues. Medicine Meets Virtual Reality 18, 653-657(2011).

[18] S. J. Oh, S. H. Kim, K. Jeong, Y. Park, Y. M. Huh, J. H. Son, J. S. Suh. Measurement depth enhancement in terahertz imaging of biological tissues. Opt. Express, 21, 21299-21305(2013).

[19] S. Lee, H. Ye, D. Chittajallu, U. Kruger, T. Boyko, J. K. Lukan, A. Enquobahrie, J. Norfeet, S. De. Real-time burn classification using ultrasound imaging. Sci. Rep., 10, 5829(2020).

[20] Y. M. Khoong, X. Huang, S. Gu, T. Zan. Imaging for thinned perforator flap harvest: current status and future perspectives. Burns Trauma, 9, tkab042(2021).

[21] W. Choi, E. Y. Park, S. Jeon, Y. Yang, B. Park, J. Ahn, S. Cho, C. Lee, D. K. Seo, J. H. Cho, C. Kim. Three-dimensional multistructural quantitative photoacoustic and US imaging of human feet in vivo. Radiology, 303, 467-473(2022).

[22] J. Kim, G. Kim, L. Li, P. Zhang, J. Y. Kim, Y. Kim, H. H. Kim, L. V. Wang, S. Lee, C. Kim. Deep learning acceleration of multiscale superresolution localization photoacoustic imaging. Light Sci. Appl., 11, 131(2022).

[23] L. V. Wang, S. Hu. Photoacoustic tomography: in vivo imaging from organelles to organs. Science, 335, 1458-1462(2012).

[24] A. B. E. Attia, G. Balasundaram, M. Moothanchery, U. S. Dinish, R. Bi, V. Ntziachristos, M. Olivo. A review of clinical photoacoustic imaging: current and future trends. Photoacoustics, 16, 100144(2019).

[25] S. Gottschalk, O. Degtyaruk, B. M. Larney, J. Rebling, M. A. Hutter, X. L. Deán-Ben, S. Shoham, D. Razansky. Rapid volumetric optoacoustic imaging of neural dynamics across the mouse brain. Nat. Biomed. Eng., 3, 392-401(2019).

[26] S. Jeon, J. Kim, D. Lee, J. W. Baik, C. Kim. Review on practical photoacoustic microscopy. Photoacoustics, 15, 100141(2019).

[27] L. A. Kasatkina, C. Ma, M. E. Matlashov, T. Vu, M. Li, A. A. Kaberniuk, J. Yao, V. V. Verkhusha. Optogenetic manipulation and photoacoustic imaging using a near-infrared transgenic mouse model. Nat. Commun., 13, 2813(2022).

[28] A. A. Oraevsky, S. L. Jacques, F. K. Tittel. Measurement of tissue optical properties by time-resolved detection of laser-induced transient stress. Appl. Opt., 36, 402-415(1997).

[29] Z. Zhang, Y. Shi, S. Yang, D. Xing. Subdiffraction-limited second harmonic photoacoustic microscopy based on nonlinear thermal diffusion. Opt. Lett., 43, 2336-2339(2018).

[30] L. Vionnet, J. Gateau, M. Schwarz, A. Buehler, V. Ermolayev, V. Ntziachristos. 24-MHz scanner for optoacoustic imaging of skin and burn. IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging, 33, 535-545(2014).

[31] H. F. Zhang, K. Maslov, G. Stoica, L. V. Wang. Imaging acute thermal burns by photoacoustic microscopy. J. Biomed. Opt., 11, 054033(2006).

[32] K. Liu, Z. Chen, W. Zhou, D. Xing. Towards quantitative assessment of burn based on photoacoustic and optical coherence tomography. J. Biophoton., 13, e202000126(2020).

[33] P. L. Rice, D. Orgill. Assessment and classification of burn injury(2021).

[34] J. Heino. The collagen family members as cell adhesion proteins. Bioessays, 29, 1001-1010(2007).

[35] E. Makrantonaki, C. C. Zouboulis. The skin as a mirror of the aging process in the human organism–state of the art and results of the aging research in the German National Genome Research Network 2 (NGFN-2). Exp. Gerontol., 42, 879-886(2007).

[36] Z. Zhang, Y. Shi, L. Xiang, D. Xing. Polarized photoacoustic microscopy for vectorial-absorption-based anisotropy detection. Opt. Lett., 43, 5267-5270(2018).

[37] Y. Qu, L. Li, Y. Shen, X. Wei, T. T. Wong, P. Hu, J. Yao, K. Maslov, L. V. Wang. Dichroism-sensitive photoacoustic computed tomography. Optica, 5, 495-501(2018).

[38] B. Valeur, M. N. Berberan-Santos. Molecular Fluorescence: Principles and Applications(2012).

[39] A. Rodger. Circular dichroism and linear dichroism. Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry, 1-34(2014).

[40] C. A. V. Cruz, H. A. Shaban, A. Kress, N. Bertaux, S. Monneret, M. Mavrakis, J. Savatier, S. Brasselet. Quantitative nanoscale imaging of orientational order in biological filaments by polarized superresolution microscopy. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 113, E820-E828(2016).

[41] M. Yin, Y. Li, Y. Luo, M. Yuan, U. Armato, I. Dal Prà, L. Zhang, D. Zhang, Y. Wei, G. Yang, L. Huang, P. Wang, J. Wu. A novel method for objectively, rapidly and accurately evaluating burn depth via near infrared spectroscopy. Burns Trauma, 9, tkab014(2021).

[42] A. N.. American National Standard for Safe Use of Lasers(2007).

[43] A. J. Singer, L. Berruti, H. C. Thode, S. A. McClain. Standardized burn model using a multiparametric histologic analysis of burn depth. Acad. Emerg. Med., 7, 1-6(2000).

[44] W. Zhou, Z. Chen, Q. Zhou, D. Xing. Optical biopsy of melanoma basal cell carcinoma progression by noncontact photoacoustic and optical coherence tomography: in vivo multi-parametric characterizing tumor microenvironment. IEEE. Trans. Med. Imaging, 39, 1967-1974(2020).

[45] X. Zhang, J. R. Fincke, C. M. Wynn, M. R. Johnson, R. W. Haupt, B. W. Anthony. Full noncontact laser ultrasound: first human data. Light Sci. Appl., 8, 119(2019).

[46] Y. Zhou, J. Chen, C. Liu, C. Liu, P. Lai, L. Wang. Single-shot linear dichroism optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy. Photoacoustics, 16, 100148(2019).

[47] S. I. Alekseev, M. C. Ziskin. Human skin permittivity determined by millimeter wave reflection measurements. Bioelectromagnetics, 28, 331-339(2007).

[48] Y. Wang, D. Jiang, H. Lan, F. Gao, F. Gao. Photoacoustic-monitored laser treatment for tattoo removal: a feasibility study. arXiv(2021).