• Laser & Optoelectronics Progress
  • Vol. 57, Issue 23, 230603 (2020)
Le Ma1, Jie Zhang2、*, Bo Wang2, Chao Lei2, Yajie Li2, Qian Qu1, Bo Xiao1, Yutong Wang1, and Pingliang Yuan1
Author Affiliations
  • 1Information Communication Company, Gansu Electric Power Company, State Grid, Gansu, Lanzhou 730000, China
  • 2State Key Laboratory of Information Photonics and Optical Communications, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China
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    DOI: 10.3788/LOP57.230603 Cite this Article Set citation alerts
    Le Ma, Jie Zhang, Bo Wang, Chao Lei, Yajie Li, Qian Qu, Bo Xiao, Yutong Wang, Pingliang Yuan. Quantum Noise Stream Cipher of Optical Communication in Physical Layer Security[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2020, 57(23): 230603 Copy Citation Text show less
    Diagram of Y-00 encryption and decryption configuration
    Fig. 1. Diagram of Y-00 encryption and decryption configuration
    Y-00 key generation process
    Fig. 2. Y-00 key generation process
    Y-00 encryption process
    Fig. 3. Y-00 encryption process
    Key technique of QNSC
    Fig. 4. Key technique of QNSC
    Schematic of ISK/QNSC principle
    Fig. 5. Schematic of ISK/QNSC principle
    Principle schematic of two technologies. (a) PSK/QNSC; (b) QAM/QNSC
    Fig. 6. Principle schematic of two technologies. (a) PSK/QNSC; (b) QAM/QNSC
    Theoretical model of endogenously secure optical communication system
    Fig. 7. Theoretical model of endogenously secure optical communication system
    Research progress of endogenously secure optical communication
    Fig. 8. Research progress of endogenously secure optical communication
    Physical diagram of secure transmission and key negotiation joint system
    Fig. 9. Physical diagram of secure transmission and key negotiation joint system
    Results of the experiment. (a) Effect of input signal power on Q factor; (b) effect of input signal power on BER; (c) relationship between the probability of information interception and distance; (d) key consistency test results of communication parties
    Fig. 10. Results of the experiment. (a) Effect of input signal power on Q factor; (b) effect of input signal power on BER; (c) relationship between the probability of information interception and distance; (d) key consistency test results of communication parties
    Comparison contentBB84-TYPEY-00
    PurposeKey generationCurrently data encryption(can be used for key generation)
    Means of advantage creationIntrusion-level detectionAsymmetric optimal measurement
    Intrusion detectionPrecise intrusion-level estimation needed to bound information leakNot needed but can be implemented to increase security/data rate
    Use of pre-shared keyNot required by design(needed for authentication to avoid MIM)Essential for encryption
    Man-in-the-middle(MIM) attackProne toNot prone to(due to the use of pre-shared key)
    Mean number of photons~0.1(non continuous variable-QKD)≫1(10--1000 and above)
    Maximum data rate reported~1Mbit/s>10Gbit/s
    Detector technologySingle-photon detectorConventional photo-detector
    Long distance applicationQuantum repeaterConventional optical amplification
    Table 1. Comparison between BB84-TYPE and Y-00[3]
    Test itemPseudo randomnumber generatorTest itemPseudo randomnumber generator
    Frequency0.735678Linear complexity0.292823
    Block frequency0.875266Sequence0.903806
    Run0.2251670.623760
    Intra-block longest run0.665906Approximate entropy0.525363
    Rank of binary matrix0.197381Accumulation0.540815
    Discrete Fourier transform0.9780590.847687
    Non-overlapping module matching>0.01117Random walk>0.010981
    Overlapping module matching0.196138Random walk state frequency>0.152266
    General statistics of Maurer0.948782Linear complexity0.292823
    Table 2. Running key randomness test result
    Le Ma, Jie Zhang, Bo Wang, Chao Lei, Yajie Li, Qian Qu, Bo Xiao, Yutong Wang, Pingliang Yuan. Quantum Noise Stream Cipher of Optical Communication in Physical Layer Security[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2020, 57(23): 230603
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