Researching | Varifocal occlusion in an optical see-through near-eye display with a single phase-only liquid crystal on silicon

Journals >Photonics Research >Volume 12 >Issue 4 >Page 833 > Article

Photonics Research
Vol. 12, Issue 4, 833 (2024)

Varifocal occlusion in an optical see-through near-eye display with a single phase-only liquid crystal on silicon

Woongseob Han^1、†, Jae-Won Lee^2、†, Jung-Yeop Shin², Myeong-Ho Choi¹, Hak-Rin Kim^{2、3、5、*}, and Jae-Hyeung Park^{1、4、6、*}

Author Affiliations

¹Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea

²School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea

³School of Electronics Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea

⁴Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Inha University, 100 Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea

⁵e-mail: rineey@knu.ac.kr

⁶e-mail: jh.park@inha.ac.kr

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DOI: 10.1364/PRJ.509948 Cite this Article Set citation alerts

Woongseob Han, Jae-Won Lee, Jung-Yeop Shin, Myeong-Ho Choi, Hak-Rin Kim, Jae-Hyeung Park. Varifocal occlusion in an optical see-through near-eye display with a single phase-only liquid crystal on silicon[J]. Photonics Research, 2024, 12(4): 833 Copy Citation Text

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Abstract

We propose a near-eye display optics system that supports three-dimensional mutual occlusion. By exploiting the polarization-control properties of a phase-only liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS), we achieve real see-through scene masking as well as virtual digital scene imaging using a single LCoS. Dynamic depth control of the real scene mask and virtual digital image is also achieved by using a focus tunable lens (FTL) pair of opposite curvatures. The proposed configuration using a single LCoS and opposite curvature FTL pair enables the self-alignment of the mask and image at an arbitrary depth without distorting the see-through view of the real scene. We verified the feasibility of the proposed optics using two optical benchtop setups: one with two off-the-shelf FTLs for continuous depth control, and the other with a single Pancharatnam–Berry phase-type FTL for the improved form factor.

L_{- f_{v}} P_{f_{o}} L_{f_{0}} P_{2 f_{0}} L_{f_{o}} P_{f_{o}} L_{f_{v}} = - I,

(1)

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P_{d} = [\begin{matrix} 1 & d \\ 0 & 1 \end{matrix}], L_{f} = [\begin{matrix} 1 & 0 \\ - \frac{1}{f} & 1 \end{matrix}], I = [\begin{matrix} 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 \end{matrix}] .

(2)

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J_{real.output} = [\begin{matrix} J_{r s} \\ J_{r p} \end{matrix}] = \exp (j \frac{2 π}{λ} d n_{0}) [\begin{matrix} \cos^{2} 2 θ + e^{j δ (x, y)} \sin^{2} 2 θ \\ - \cos 2 θ \sin 2 θ (1 - e^{j δ (x, y)}) \end{matrix}],

(3)

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J_{virt.output} = [\begin{matrix} J_{v s} \\ J_{v p} \end{matrix}] = \exp (j \frac{2 π}{λ} d n_{0}) [\begin{matrix} \cos 2 θ \cos φ + e^{j δ (x, y)} \sin 2 θ \sin φ \\ - \sin 2 θ \cos φ + e^{j δ (x, y)} \cos 2 θ \sin φ \end{matrix}],

(4)

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δ (x, y) = \frac{2 π}{λ} d [n_{e} (x, y) - n_{o}] .

(5)

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J_{LP}^{(θ)} = [\begin{matrix} \cos θ \\ \sin θ \end{matrix}], T_{LP}^{(θ)} = [\begin{matrix} \cos^{2} θ & \cos θ \sin θ \\ \cos θ \sin θ & \sin^{2} θ \end{matrix}], T_{HWP}^{(θ)} = [\begin{matrix} \cos 2 θ & \sin 2 θ \\ \sin 2 θ & - \cos 2 θ \end{matrix}], T_{Mirror} = [\begin{matrix} 1 & 0 \\ 0 & - 1 \end{matrix}], T_{LC} = [\begin{matrix} \exp (j \frac{2 π}{λ} n_{0} d) & 0 \\ 0 & \exp (j \frac{2 π}{λ} n_{e} (x, y) d) \end{matrix}] = \exp (j \frac{2 π}{λ} n_{0} d) [\begin{matrix} 1 & 0 \\ 0 & e^{j δ^{'} (x, y)} \end{matrix}], T_{LCoS}^{δ} = T_{LC} T_{Mirror} T_{LC} = [\begin{matrix} 1 & 0 \\ 0 & e^{j δ^{'} (x, y)} \end{matrix}] [\begin{matrix} 1 & 0 \\ 0 & - 1 \end{matrix}] [\begin{matrix} 1 & 0 \\ 0 & e^{j δ^{'} (x, y)} \end{matrix}] = [\begin{matrix} 1 & 0 \\ 0 & - e^{j δ (x, y)} \end{matrix}],

(B1)

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J_{real.output} = [\begin{matrix} J_{r s} \\ J_{r p} \end{matrix}] = T_{HWP}^{(- θ)} T_{LCoS}^{(δ)} T_{HWP}^{(θ)} J_{LP}^{(0)} = \exp (j \frac{2 π}{λ} n_{0} d) [\begin{matrix} \cos^{2} 2 θ + e^{j δ (x, y)} \sin^{2} 2 θ \\ - \cos 2 θ \sin 2 θ (1 - e^{j δ (x, y)}) \end{matrix}],

(B2)

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J_{virt.output} = [\begin{matrix} J_{v s} \\ J_{v p} \end{matrix}] = T_{HWP}^{(- θ)} T_{LCoS}^{(δ)} T_{HWP}^{(θ)} J_{unpolarized} = \exp (j \frac{2 π}{λ} n_{0} d) [\begin{matrix} \cos 2 θ \cos φ + e^{j δ (x, y)} \sin 2 θ \sin φ \\ - \sin 2 θ \cos φ + e^{j δ (x, y)} \cos 2 θ \sin φ \end{matrix}] .

(B3)

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J_{r p} = - \cos 2 θ \sin 2 θ (1 - e^{j δ (x, y)}) = 0,

(B4)

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J_{v p} = - \sin 2 θ \cos φ + e^{j δ (x, y)} \cos 2 θ \sin φ \neq 0

(B5)

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J_{r p} = - \cos 2 θ \sin 2 θ (1 - e^{j δ (x, y)}) \neq 0,

(B6)

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J_{v p} = - \sin 2 θ \cos φ + e^{j δ (x, y)} \cos 2 θ \sin φ = 0

(B7)

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Woongseob Han, Jae-Won Lee, Jung-Yeop Shin, Myeong-Ho Choi, Hak-Rin Kim, Jae-Hyeung Park. Varifocal occlusion in an optical see-through near-eye display with a single phase-only liquid crystal on silicon[J]. Photonics Research, 2024, 12(4): 833

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