Author Affiliations
1State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, Shanghai 200062, China2NYU-ECNU Institute of Physics at NYU Shanghai, Shanghai 200062, Chinashow less
Fig. 1. (a) Excitation scheme of the Rydberg EIT. |1〉, |2〉, and |3〉 are, respectively, the ground, intermediate, and Rydberg states; Ωp (Ωc) is the half-Rabi frequency of the probe (control) laser field; Γ12 (∼MHz) and Γ23 (∼kHz) are, respectively, decay rates from |2〉 to |1〉 and |3〉 to |2〉; Δ2 = ωp − (ω2 − ω1) and Δ3 = ωp + ωc − (ωc − ω1) are, respectively, the one- and two-photon detunings. ℏV(r − r′) is the vdW interaction between the two atoms in Rydberg states, respectively, located at r and r′. (b) Geometry of the system. The probe and control fields counter-propagate in the Rydberg atomic gas. (c) Normalized χp,2(3) (i.e., the coefficient of nonlocal Kerr nonlinearity) as a function of coordinate x, with the solid black (dashed red) line representing its real part Re(χp,2(3)) [imaginary part Im(χp,2(3))] for coordinate y = 0 (see text for more details). Evolution of a (d1) nonlocal LB and (d2) vortex in the system.
Fig. 2. Stern–Gerlach deflections of nonlocal LBs. (a) 3D motion trajectory of an LB as a function of x/R0, y/R0, and z/(2Ldiff) in the presence of the gradient magnetic field (B1,B2) = (3.2, 0) mG cm−1; (c) 3D motion trajectory of the LB for (B1, B2) = (6.4, 0) mG cm−1. (b) and (d) are trajectories of the LB in the x–z plane, corresponding, respectively, to panels (a) and (c).
Fig. 3. Motion trajectory of the LB in the presence of a time-varying gradient magnetic field. (a) Trajectory of the LB as a function of x/R0, y/R0, and z/(2Ldiff) when the time-varying gradient magnetic field of Eq. (9) is present. (b) The corresponding sinusoidal trajectory of the LB in the x–z plane.