Freeform OST-HMD system with large exit pupil diameter and vision correction capability

Dewen Cheng; Jiaxi Duan; Hailong Chen; He Wang; Danyang Li; Qiwei Wang; Qichao Hou; Tong Yang; Weihong Hou; Donghua Wang; Xiaoyu Chi; Bin Jiang; Yongtian Wang

doi:10.1364/PRJ.440018

[1] O. Cakmakci, J. Rolland. Head-worn displays: a review. J. Display Technol., 2, 199-216(2006).

[2] A. J. Lungu, W. Swinkels, L. Claesen, P. Tu, J. Egger, X. Chen. A review on the applications of virtual reality, augmented reality and mixed reality in surgical simulation: an extension to different kinds of surgery. Expert Rev. Med. Devices, 18, 47-62(2021).

[3] V. Elia, M. G. Gnoni, A. Lanzilotto. Evaluating the application of augmented reality devices in manufacturing from a process point of view: an AHP based model. Expert Syst. Appl., 63, 187-197(2016).

[4] H. Hua, L. D. Brown, C. Gao. Scape: supporting stereoscopic collaboration in augmented and projective environments. IEEE Comput. Graph. Appl., 24, 66-75(2004).

[5] H. Li, X. Zhang, G. Shi, H. Qu, Y. Wu, J. Zhang. Review and analysis of avionic helmet-mounted displays. Opt. Eng., 52, 110901(2013).

[6] L. Jensen, F. Konradsen. A review of the use of virtual reality head-mounted displays in education and training. Educ. Inf. Technol., 23, 1515-1529(2018).

[7] J. Yang, W. Liu, W. Lv, D. Zhang, F. He, Z. Wei, Y. Kang. Method of achieving a wide field-of-view head-mounted display with small distortion. Opt. Lett., 38, 2035-2037(2013).

[8] Z. Zheng, X. Liu, H. Li, L. Xu. Design and fabrication of an off-axis see-through head-mounted display with an x–y polynomial surface. Appl. Opt., 49, 3661-3668(2010).

[9] L. Wei, Y. Li, J. Jing, L. Feng, J. Zhou. Design and fabrication of a compact off-axis see-through head-mounted display using a freeform surface. Opt. Express, 26, 8550-8565(2018).

[10] A. Wilson, H. Hua. Design and demonstration of a vari-focal optical see-through head-mounted display using freeform Alvarez lenses. Opt. Express, 27, 15627-15637(2019).

[11] Q. Wang, D. Cheng, Q. Hou, Y. Hu, Y. Wang. Stray light and tolerance analysis of an ultrathin waveguide display. Appl. Opt., 54, 8354-8362(2015).

[12] Q. Wang, D. Cheng, Q. Hou, L. Gu, Y. Wang. Design of an ultra-thin, wide-angle, stray-light-free near-eye display with a dual-layer geometrical waveguide. Opt. Express, 28, 35376-35394(2020).

[13] D. Cheng, Y. Wang, C. Xu, W. Song, G. Jin. Design of an ultra-thin near-eye display with geometrical waveguide and freeform optics. Opt. Express, 22, 20705-20719(2014).

[14] L. Gu, D. Cheng, Q. Wang, Q. Hou, Y. Wang. Design of a two-dimensional stray-light-free geometrical waveguide head-up display. Appl. Opt., 57, 9246-9256(2018).

[15] I. Kasai, Y. Tanijiri, T. Endo, H. Ueda. A practical see-through head mounted display using a holographic optical element. Opt. Rev., 8, 241-244(2001).

[16] C. Pan, Z. Liu, Y. Pang, X. Zheng, H. Cai, Y. Zhang, Z. Huang. Design of a high-performance in-coupling grating using differential evolution algorithm for waveguide display. Opt. Express, 26, 26646-26662(2018).

[17] Z. Liu, Y. Pang, C. Pan, Z. Huang. Design of a uniform-illumination binocular waveguide display with diffraction gratings and freeform optics. Opt. Express, 25, 30720-30731(2017).

[18] J. Xiao, J. Liu, J. Han, Y. Wang. Design of achromatic surface microstructure for near-eye display with diffractive waveguide. Opt. Commun., 452, 411-416(2019).

[19] T. Levola. Novel diffractive optical components for near to eye displays. SID Symp. Dig., 37, 64-67(2006).

[20] J. Han, J. Liu, X. Yao, Y. Wang. Portable waveguide display system with a large field of view by integrating freeform elements and volume holograms. Opt. Express, 23, 3534-3549(2015).

[21] T. Yang, G. Jin, J. Zhu. Automated design of freeform imaging systems. Light Sci. Appl., 6, e17081(2017).

[22] J. P. Rolland, M. A. Davies, T. J. Suleski, C. Evans, A. Bauer, J. C. Lambropoulos, K. Falaggis. Freeform optics for imaging. Optica, 8, 161-176(2021).

[23] B. Zhang, G. Jin, J. Zhu. Towards automatic freeform optics design: coarse and fine search of the three-mirror solution space. Light Sci. Appl., 10, 65(2021).

[24] F. Duerr, H. Thienpont. Freeform imaging systems: Fermat’s principle unlocks “first time right” design. Light Sci. Appl., 10, 95(2021).

[25] D. Cheng, H. Chen, T. Yang, J. Ke, Y. Li, Y. Wang. Optical design of a compact and high-transmittance compressive sensing imaging system enabled by freeform optics. Chin. Opt. Lett., 19, 112202(2021).

[26] D. Cheng, Y. Wang, H. Hua, M. M. Talha. Design of an optical see-through head-mounted display with a low f-number and large field of view using a freeform prism. Appl. Opt., 48, 2655-2668(2009).

[27] Q. Wang, D. Cheng, Y. Wang, H. Hua, G. Jin. Design, tolerance, and fabrication of an optical see-through head-mounted display with free-form surface elements. Appl. Opt., 52, C88-C99(2013).

[28] D. Cheng, Y. Wang, H. Hua, J. Sasian. Design of a wide-angle, lightweight head-mounted display using free-form optics tiling. Opt. Lett., 36, 2098-2100(2011).

[29] C. Yao, D. Cheng, T. Yang, Y. Wang. Design of an optical see-through light-field near-eye display using a discrete lenslet array. Opt. Express, 26, 18292-18301(2018).

[30] C. Yao, D. Cheng, Y. Wang. Matrix optics representation and imaging analysis of a light-field near-eye display. Opt. Express, 28, 39976-39997(2020).

[31] L. Huang, J. Whitehead, S. Colburn, A. Majumdar. Design and analysis of extended depth of focus metalenses for achromatic computational imaging. Photon. Res., 8, 1613-1623(2020).

[32] Y. Liu, Q. Yu, Z. Chen, H. Qiu, R. Chen, S. Jiang, X. He, F. Zhao, J. Dong. Meta-objective with sub-micrometer resolution for microendoscopes. Photon. Res., 9, 106-115(2021).

[33] H. Li, X. Xiao, B. Fang, S. Gao, Z. Wang, C. Chen, Y. Zhao, S. Zhu, T. Li. Bandpass-filter-integrated multiwavelength achromatic metalens. Photon. Res., 9, 1384-1390(2021).

[34] M. Deng, T. Ren, J. Wang, L. Chen. Doublet achromatic metalens for broadband optical retroreflector. Chin. Opt. Lett., 19, 023601(2021).

[35] Z. Shen, S. Zhou, X. Li, S. Ge, P. Chen, W. Hu, Y. Lu. Liquid crystal integrated metalens with tunable chromatic aberration. Adv. Photon., 2, 036002(2020).

[36] B. Xu, H. Li, S. Gao, X. Hua, C. Yang, C. Chen, F. Yan, S. Zhu, T. Li. Metalens-integrated compact imaging devices for wide-field microscopy. Adv. Photon., 2, 066004(2020).

[37] G. Y. Lee, J. Y. Hong, S. Hwang, S. Moon, H. Kang, S. Jeon, H. Kim, J. H. Jeong, B. Lee. Metasurface eyepiece for augmented reality. Nat. Commun., 9, 4562(2018).

[38] https://xinreality.com/wiki/R-9_Smartglasses. https://xinreality.com/wiki/R-9_Smartglasses

[39] https://www.magicleap.com/en-us/magic-leap-1. https://www.magicleap.com/en-us/magic-leap-1

[40] https://lumusvision.com/products/dk-52-2/. https://lumusvision.com/products/dk-52-2/

[41] https://www.olympus-global.com/en/news/2000b/nr000831fmd250e.html. https://www.olympus-global.com/en/news/2000b/nr000831fmd250e.html

[42] https://www.emagin.com/products/application-note. https://www.emagin.com/products/application-note

[43] https://www.rockwellcollins.com/. https://www.rockwellcollins.com/

[44] http://www.nedplusar.com/en/index. http://www.nedplusar.com/en/index

[45] S. J. Robbins. Three piece prism eye-piece. U.S. patent(2015).

[46] D. Cheng, Q. Wang. Free-form prism-lens group and near-eye display apparatus. U.S. patent(2019).

[47] D. Cheng, H. Chen, Q. Wang, Q. Hou. Optical component for near-eye display. CN patent(2021).

[48] . CODE V, Reference Manual(2020).

[49] D. Cheng, Y. Wang, H. Hua. Automatic image performance balancing in lens optimization. Opt. Express, 18, 11574-11588(2010).