Aiming at the problems of halo artifacts, edge details loss and noise amplification in the low-illumination image enhancement process, an image enhancement algorithm was proposed based on dual-channel prior and illumination map guided filtering. As the traditional fog-degradation model only uses dark-channel prior for image enhancement, local areas have different depths of field, which thus results in the problems such as image overexposure and halo artifacts. As for these problems, the bright and dark dual-channel integration method is adopted to calculate the atmospheric optical value and transmittance. As for the problem that edge information is easy to be lost, the illumination map gradient domain guided filtering is adopted to improve and refine transmittance. As for the problem of noise amplification in the enhancement process, the BM3D filtering is adopted for denoising. The experimental results indicate that, in different low-illumination images, the proposed algorithm shows an obvious improvement in denoising, halo eliminating, brightness adjustment and edge preservation if compared with other low illumination enhancement algorithms.