• Photonics Research
  • Vol. 8, Issue 11, 1676 (2020)
Xiyuan Lu1、2、*, Ashutosh Rao1、3, Gregory Moille1、4, Daron A. Westly1, and Kartik Srinivasan1、4、5
Author Affiliations
  • 1Microsystems and Nanotechnology Division, Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
  • 2Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics and Maryland NanoCenter, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
  • 3Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
  • 4Joint Quantum Institute, NIST/University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
  • 5e-mail: kartik.srinivasan@nist.gov
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    DOI: 10.1364/PRJ.401755 Cite this Article Set citation alerts
    Xiyuan Lu, Ashutosh Rao, Gregory Moille, Daron A. Westly, Kartik Srinivasan. Universal frequency engineering tool for microcavity nonlinear optics: multiple selective mode splitting of whispering-gallery resonances[J]. Photonics Research, 2020, 8(11): 1676 Copy Citation Text show less

    Abstract

    Whispering-gallery microcavities have been used to realize a variety of efficient parametric nonlinear optical processes through the enhanced light–matter interaction brought about by supporting multiple high quality factor and small modal volume resonances. Critical to such studies is the ability to control the relative frequencies of the cavity modes, so that frequency matching is achieved to satisfy energy conservation. Typically this is done by tailoring the resonator cross section. Doing so modifies the frequencies of all of the cavity modes, that is, the global dispersion profile, which may be undesired, for example, in introducing competing nonlinear processes. Here, we demonstrate a frequency engineering tool, termed multiple selective mode splitting (MSMS), that is independent of the global dispersion and instead allows targeted and independent control of the frequencies of multiple cavity modes. In particular, we show controllable frequency shifts up to 0.8 nm, independent control of the splitting of up to five cavity modes with optical quality factors ?105, and strongly suppressed frequency shifts for untargeted modes. The MSMS technique can be broadly applied to a wide variety of nonlinear optical processes across different material platforms and can be used to both selectively enhance processes of interest and suppress competing unwanted processes.
    βm=ωm2dS·A[(ϵc1)|E|2+(11/ϵc)|D|2]dVϵ(|E|2+|E|2),(1)

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    W(ϕ)=W0+nAncos(nϕ).(2)

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    βm=nAnωm2dS(11/ϵc)|D(r,z)|2cos2(mϕ)cos(nϕ)dVϵ(|Ez|2+|Eϕ|2+|Er|2)cos2(mϕ).(3)

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    βm=ngmAn02πdϕcos2(mϕ)cos(nϕ)/π=gm(A0+A2m2),(4)

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    gmωm2dS(11/ϵc)|D(r,z)|2dVϵ(|Ez|2+|Eϕ|2+|Er|2).(5)

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    Xiyuan Lu, Ashutosh Rao, Gregory Moille, Daron A. Westly, Kartik Srinivasan. Universal frequency engineering tool for microcavity nonlinear optics: multiple selective mode splitting of whispering-gallery resonances[J]. Photonics Research, 2020, 8(11): 1676
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