Watts-level ultraviolet-C LED integrated light sources for efficient surface and air sterilization

Wei Luo; Tai Li; Yongde Li; Houjin Wang; Ye Yuan; Shangfeng Liu; Weiyun Wang; Qi Wang; Junjie Kang; Xinqiang Wang

doi:10.1088/1674-4926/43/7/072301

[1] R Abbasi, R Jain, K Nelson et al. Polymeric films containing sodium chlorite that release disinfectant gas upon activation with UV light. Adv Funct Mater, 29, 1804851(2019).

[2] N Ogata, M Sakasegawa, T Miura et al. Inactivation of airborne bacteria and viruses using extremely low concentrations of chlorine dioxide gas. Pharmacology, 97, 301(2016).

[3] A M Rauth. The physical state of viral nucleic acid and the sensitivity of viruses to ultraviolet light. Biophys J, 5, 257(1965).

[4] S E Beck, H B Wright, T M Hargy et al. Action spectra for validation of pathogen disinfection in medium-pressure ultraviolet (UV) systems. Water Res, 70, 27(2015).

[5] A L Santos, C Moreirinha, D Lopes et al. Effects of UV radiation on the lipids and proteins of bacteria studied by mid-infrared spectroscopy. Environ Sci Technol, 47, 6306(2013).

[6] W Hijnen, E Beerendonk, G J Medema. Inactivation credit of UV radiation for viruses, bacteria and protozoan (oo) cysts in water: a review. Water Res, 40, 3(2006).

[7] D Sarigiannis, S Karakitsios, M Antonakopoulou et al. Exposure analysis of accidental release of mercury from compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs). Sci Total Environ, 435, 306(2012).

[8] S Schalk, V Adam, E Arnold et al. UV-lamps for disinfection and advanced oxidation-lamp types, technologies and applications. IUVA News, 8, 32(2006).

[9] J F da Silveira Petruci, P R Fortes, V Kokoric et al. Real-time monitoring of ozone in air using substrate-integrated hollow waveguide mid-infrared sensors. Sci Reports, 3, 1(2013).

[10] H Hirayama, N Maeda, S Fujikawa et al. Recent progress and future prospects of AlGaN-based high-efficiency deep-ultraviolet light-emitting diodes. Jpn J Appl Phys, 53, 100209(2014).

[11] D Li, K Jiang, X Sun et al. AlGaN photonics: recent advances in materials and ultraviolet devices. Adv Opt Photonics, 10, 43(2018).

[12] M Kneissl, T Y Seong, J Han et al. The emergence and prospects of deep-ultraviolet light-emitting diode technologies. Nat Photonics, 13, 233(2019).

[13] Y Taniyasu, M Kasu, T Makimoto. An aluminium nitride light-emitting diode with a wavelength of 210 nanometres. Nature, 441, 325(2006).

[14] A Khan, K Balakrishnan, T Katona. Ultraviolet light-emitting diodes based on group three nitrides. Nat Photonics, 2, 77(2008).

[15] Y Nagasawa, A Hirano. A review of AlGaN-based deep-ultraviolet light-emitting diodes on sapphire. Appl Sci, 8, 1264(2018).

[16] J Simon, V Protasenko, C Lian et al. Polarization-induced hole doping in wide–band-gap uniaxial semiconductor heterostructures. Science, 327, 60(2010).

[17] L Zhang, K Ding, J Yan et al. Three-dimensional hole gas induced by polarization in (0001)-oriented metal-face III-nitride structure. Appl Phys Lett, 97, 062103(2010).

[18] H Y Ryu, I G Choi, H S Choi et al. Investigation of light extraction efficiency in AlGaN deep-ultraviolet light-emitting diodes. Appl Phys Express, 6, 062101(2013).

[19] Y Li, C Wang, Y Zhang et al. Analysis of TM/TE mode enhancement and droop reduction by a nanoporous n-AlGaN underlayer in a 290 nm UV-LED. Photonics Res, 8, 806(2020).

[20] C Bowker, A Sain, M Shatalov et al. Microbial UV fluence-response assessment using a novel UV-LED collimated beam system. Water Res, 45, 2011(2011).

[21] J R Bolton, K G Linden. Standardization of methods for fluence (UV dose) determination in bench-scale UV experiments. J Environ Eng, 129, 209(2003).

[22] A Suzuki, A Emoto, A Shirai et al. Ultraviolet light-emitting diode (UV-LED) sterilization of citrus bacterial canker disease targeted for effective decontamination of citrus sudachi fruit. Biocontrol Sci, 27, 1(2022).

[23] Y W Lee, H D Yoon, J H Park et al. Application of 265-nm UVC LED lighting to sterilization of typical gram negative and positive bacteria. J Korean Physl Soc, 72, 1174(2018).

[24] S Y Huang, J C Lin, X Q Huang et al. Large-area 280 nm LED flexible sterilization light source with improved thermal performance. Optik, 248, 168109(2021).

[25] B S Kim, S Youm, Y K Kim. Sterilization of harmful microorganisms in hydroponic cultivation using an ultraviolet LED light source. Sens Mater, 32, 3773(2020).

[26] S S Nunayon, H Zhang, A C K Lai. Comparison of disinfection performance of UVC-LED and conventional upper-room UVGI systems. Indoor Air, 30, 180(2020).

[27] S Liu, W Luo, D Li et al. Sec-eliminating the SARS-CoV-2 by AlGaN based high power deep ultraviolet light source. Adv Funct Mater, 31, 2008452(2020).

[28] M Bormann, M Alt, L Schipper et al. Disinfection of SARS-CoV-2 contaminated surfaces of personal items with UVC-LED disinfection boxes. Viruses, 13, 598(2021).

[29] G Tamulaitis, J Mickevičius, K Kazlauskas et al. Efficiency droop in high-Al-content AlGaN/AlGaN quantum wells. Phys Status Solidi C, 8, 2130(2011).

[30] J Yun, J I Shim, H Hirayama. Analysis of efficiency droop in 280-nm AlGaN multiple-quantum-well light-emitting diodes based on carrier rate equation. Appl Phys Express, 8, 022104(2015).

[31] J Cho, E F Schubert, J K Kim. Efficiency droop in light-emitting diodes: Challenges and countermeasures. Laser Photonics Rev, 7, 408(2013).

[32] J Hu, J Zhang, Y Zhang et al. Enhanced performance of AlGaN-based deep ultraviolet light-emitting diodes with chirped superlattice electron deceleration layer. Nanoscale Res Lett, 14, 1(2019).

[33] J R Bolton, C A Cotton. The ultraviolet disinfection handbook. Glacier Publishing Services, Inc.(2011).

[34] R P Rastogi, A Kumar, M B Tyagi et al. Molecular mechanisms of ultraviolet radiation-induced DNA damage and repair. J Nucleic Acids, 90, 560(2010).