The anti-interference properties of the light detection and ranging (LiDAR) technology is a core aspect for realizing safe unmanned driving. Herein, the principle of modulated LiDAR system using code division multiple access (CDMA) is analyzed, the characteristics of different orthogonal code groups are compared, and the anti-interference performance of the CDMA-modulated LiDAR system is analyzed under different interferences by simulation. Experimental results show that the CDMA-modulated LiDAR system based on the optical orthogonal code (OOC) achieves a low false-alarm rate and can effectively resist the interference of conventional single-pulse LiDAR systems. Furthermore, it can effectively resist the same LiDAR system and the interference of the frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) LiDAR system with low power and a specific frequency. Moreover, for 200 scenes where conventional monopulse LiDAR is used as the dense interferer, the false alarm rate of the CDMA-modulated LiDAR system is only 0.11%, which can meet the anti-interference requirements of large-scale unmanned applications.