Superhydrophobic surfaces have aroused tremendous attention due to their broad promising applications. Compared with the traditional micro/nanofabrication, femtosecond laser microfabrication has become an effective tool for fabricating surperhydrophobic surfaces owing to the advantages of ablating a wide variety of materials, high processing precision, strong controllability, etc. In this review, we introduced the features of femtosecond laser microfabrication and the theoretical basis of wettability. Then, the research progress of different femtosecond laser-induced superhydrophobic surfaces and the related applications were summarized. Finally, the existing problems and future prospects in this field were discussed.