Fig. 1. Camera model
Fig. 2. Schematic of calibration principle
Fig. 3. Geometrical relationship of plane measurement
Fig. 4. (a) Distribution of measurement precision of different positions in the measuring area; (b) distribution of measurement precision versus xM, when yM=-500 mm; (c) distribution of measurement precision versus yM, when xM=0 mm
Fig. 5. Measurement precision versus camera angles
Fig. 6. Experimental setup
Fig. 7. Target images. (a) First group; (b) second group
Fig. 8. Schematic of precision measurement experiment. (a) Measuring planes; (b) positions of small targets; (c) feature point intervals of a small target
Fig. 9. Measurement error of different positions on 0 mm plane. (a) Absolute error; (b) relative error
Fig. 10. Measurement error of different positions on 100 mm plane. (a) Absolute error; (b) relative error
Fig. 11. Measurement error of different positions on 200 mm plane. (a) Absolute error; (b) relative error
Fig. 12. Relationship between total measurement error and distance of different planes using multi-target method. (a) Absolute error; (b) relative error
Fig. 13. Measurement error distribution of different planes using multi-target method. (a) Absolute error; (b) relative error
Fig. 14. Error of XM and YM axes in different positions on the 50 mm plane. (a) Absolute error; (b) relative error
Image resolution /(pixel×pixel) | f | u0 | v0 | h /mm | θ /(°) | δ /pixel |
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4032×3024 | 3460 | 2016 | 1512 | 900 | 25 | 1 |
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Table 1. Parameters for precision analysis
Group | A | k1 | k2 | RB | TB |
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1 | | 0.1142 | -0.2166 | | | 2 | | 0.1039 | -0.1559 | | |
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Table 2. Calibration results