Laser spot center location algorithm of four-quadrant detector based on Gaussian distribution was proposed to improve the accuracy of real-time laser spot center location measurement in FPGA. Firstly, the laser spot used Gaussian distribution model was equivalently analyzed. Combined with working principle of the four- quadrant detector and a reasonable set of Gauss integration interval, light energy of each quadrant can be calculated. Corresponding to the photocurrent in the same area, Gaussian distribution equations containing location information were deduced. And then, by using the standard Gaussian distribution table, laser spot center location expressions were derived quickly which made the algorithm be implemented in hardware in real time. Finally, simulation and experimental verification were carried out with the algorithm which was based on Gaussian distribution and circular model respectively. The results show that the precision of the algorithm based on Gaussian distribution is increased by 43.8%. Thus, it proves that this algorithm can effectively improve the accuracy of spot center location measurement.