Input with the effects of the ocean's actual atmosphere, such as temperature, humidity, and wind, on the distribution characteristics of transmittance between 3-5 μm and 8-12 μm are quantitatively discussed using the radiative transfer model. The effects of different paths and the cloud type cover on the results of transmittance are also investigated. Results show that the regional and seasonal changes of atmospheric temperature, humidity, and other parameters are obvious, thereby directly affecting the calculation result of radiative transmittance. The establishment of a local atmospheric parameter model plays an important role in the calculation of atmospheric radiative transfer for photoelectric engineering.