Applying nanostructure is one of the main approaches to improve the light extraction efficiency (LEE) of organic light-emitting diodes (OLED). When the nanostructure is located between the organic layer and indium tin oxide(ITO) anode, the mode overlap can be guided, the scattering can be enhanced, and the LEE of OLED can be improved. Gold thin-film annealing technology and wet etching technology are adopted to prepare random distributed nanopatterns on the ITO glass for the orange OLED device. The influence factors of nanopatterns on the luminous performance of devices are studied. Meanwhile the standard OLED device is fabricated for contrast. The experimental results show that, compared with the OLED without nanopattern, the performance of OLED with nanopattern is improved in brightness by 17%, current efficiency by 34%, power conversion efficiency by 32%, and external quantum efficiency by 35%, while the gold film thickness is 10 nm, the annealing temperature is 570 ℃, the annealing time is 240 s, and the etching depth is 30 nm. It is indicated that nanopatterns can effectively improve the LEE of OLED device.