The light scattering characteristics of microsphere are studied by use of Mie scattering theory. The characteristics of polarization and distribution of scattered light and the effects of the radius of microsphere on light scattering and absorbing are also analyzed. The results show that the radius of microsphere has significant effect on light scattering and absorbing and the results may provide a reference for choosing appropriate micro-optical elements in practical experiment and further study of microsphere lenses arrays.