To repair structural damage of carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP) for aircrafts, the patch bonding technology is an ideal process to obtain a high-performance CFRP laminate joint. This study proposed a multi-ladder patch bonding adhesive joint design for CFRP laminates. The Yin and Yang film of patch bonding joint was designed and constructed. The code generation algorithms for the layered slice laser 3D engraving and scanning process were explored. The laser ablation processes of CFRP ladder layer interface and the bonding mechanism were investigated, which verified that the tensile strength and impact toughness of the adhesive joint were effectively improved. The failure mode of the joint is consistent with the designed adhesive failure. This study provides a design and fabrication technology to realize high-performance patch bonding joints for CFRP components, which can be applied in aviation, aerospace, and transportation etc.