SIMULTANEOUS IMAGING OF A lacZ-MARKED TUMOR AND MICROVASCULATURE MORPHOLOGY IN VIVO BY DUAL-WAVELENGTH PHOTOACOUSTIC MICROSCOPY

LI LI; HAO F. ZHANG; ROGER J. ZEMP; KONSTANTIN MASLOV; LIHONG V. WANG

[1] Jemal, A., Siegel, R., Ward, E., Murray, T., Xu, J. and Thun, M. J., “Cancer statistics,” 2007, CA Cancer J. Clin. 57, 43–66 (2007).

[2] Massoud, T. F. and Gambhir, S. S., “Molecular imaging in living subjects: Seeing fundamental biological in a new light,” Genes Dev. 17, 545–580 (2003).

[3] Weissleder, R., “Molecular imaging in cancer,” Science 312, 1168–1171 (2006).

[4] Herschman, H. R., George, F. V. W. and George, K., Noninvasive imaging of reporter gene expression in living subjects. In Advances in Cancer Res. (Academic Press, 2004), pp. 29–80.

[5] Bouvet, M., Wang, J., Nardin, S. R., Nassirpour, R., Yang, M., Baranov, E., Jiang, P., Moossa, A. R. and Hoffman, R. M., “Real-time optical imaging of primary tumor growth and multiple metastatic events in a pancreatic cancer orthotopic model,” Cancer Res. 62, 1534–1540 (2002).

[6] Forss-Petter, S., Danielson, P. E., Catsicas, S., Battenberg, E., Price, J., Nerenberg, M. and Suteliffe, I. G., “Transgenic mice expressing beta-galactosidase in mature neurons under neuron-specific enolase promoter control,” Neuron 5, 187–200 (1990).

[7] Steffens, S., Frank, S., Fischer, U., Heuser, C., Meyer, K. L., Dobberstein, K. U., Rainov, N. G. and Kramm, C. M., “Enhanced green fluorescent protein fusion proteins of herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase and cytochrome P450 4B1: Applications for prodrug-activating gene therapy,” Cancer Gene. Ther. 7, 806–812 (2000).

[8] Wang, L. V., “Tutorial on photoacoustic microscopy and computed tomography,” IEEE J. Selected Top Quantum Electronics 14, 171–179 (2008).

[9] Xu, M. and Wang, L. V., “Photoacoustic imaging in biomedicine,” Rev. Sci. Instruments 77, 041101 (2006).

[10] Wang, X., Pang, Y., Ku, G., Xie, X., Stoica, G. and Wang, L. V., “Non-invasive laser-induced photoacoustic tomography for structural and functional imaging of the brain in vivo,” Nat. Biotech. 21, 803–806 (2003).

[11] Zhang, H. F., Maslov, K., Stoica, G. and Wang, L. V., “Functional photoacoustic microscopy for high-resolution and noninvasive in vivo imaging,” Nat. Biotech. 24, 848–851 (2006).

[12] Ku, G.,Wang, X., Xie, X., Stoica, G. andWang, L. V., “Imaging of tumor angiogenesis in rat brains in vivo by photoacoustic tomography,” App. Opt. 44, 770–775 (2005).

[13] Wang, X., Xie, X., Ku, G., Stoica, G. and Wang, L. V., “Non-invasive imaging of hemoglobin concentration and oxygenation in the rat brain using high-resolution photoacoustic tomography,” J. Biomed. Opt. 11, 024015 (2006).

[14] Zhang, H. F., Maslov, K., Sivaramakrishnan, M., Stoica, G. and Wang, L. V., “Imaging of hemoglobin oxygen saturation variations in single vessels in vivo using photoacoustic microscopy,” App. Phys. Lett. 90, 053901 (2007).

[15] Carmeliet, P. and Jain, R. K., “Angiogenesis in cancer and other diseases,” Nature 407, 249–257 (2000).

[16] Li, L., Zemp, R., Lungu, G., Stoica, G. and Wang, L. V., “Photoacoustic imaging of lacZ gene expression in vivo,” J. Biomed. Opt. 12, 020504 (2007).

[17] Oh, J. T., Li, M. L., Zhang, H. F., Maslov, K., Stoica, G. and Wang, L. V., “Threedimensional imaging of skin melanoma in vivo by dual-wavelength photoacoustic microscopy,” J. Biomed. Opt. 11, 034032 (2006).

[18] American national standard for the safe use of lasers Z136.1 (American National Standards Institute, NY, 2000).

[19] Li, M.-L., Zhang, H., Maslov, K., Stoica, G. and Wang, L. V., “Improved in vivo photoacoustic microscopy based on a virtual detector concept,” Opt. Lett. 31, 474– 476 (2006).

[20] Jacques, S. L. and Prahl, S. A., “Absorption Spectra for Biological Tissues,” http:// omlc./ogi.edu/spectra/hemoglobin/index.html.

[21] Beumont, T. L., Kupsky,W. L., Barger, G. R. and Sloan, A. E., “Gliosarcoma with multiple extracranial metastases: Case report and review of the literature,” J. Neurooncology 83, 39–46 (2007).

[22] Tung, C., Zeng, Q., Shah, K., Kim, D. E., Schellingerhout, D. and Weissleder, R., “In vivo imaging of β-galactosidase activity using far red fluorescent switch,” Cancer Res. 64, 1579–1583 (2004).

[23] Louie, A. Y., Huber,M. M. and Ahrens, E. T., “In vivo visualization of gene expression using magnetic resonance imaging,” Nat. Biotech. 18, 321–325 (2000).