The coating layer of traditional silica optical fiber is generally polymer, which is prone to thermal aging at high temperatures. This characteristic is the main reason why optical fiber is difficult to be applied in a high temperature environment. Metal materials have better high temperature resistance than polymer, which can effectively protect the surface of the optical fiber from water vapor. It is a hot research topic of high temperature optical fiber coating materials. This paper analyzes and compares five main optical fiber surface metallization coating methods (vacuum evaporation, sputtering, electroplating, electroless plating, and freezing method). The results show that electroless plating is the main method for metallization of optical fiber devices due to its economical and environmentally friendly features. Melt coating technology is the mainstream choice of metal-chemical industry production.