An automatic measurement method for corneal thickness of the optical coherence tomography (OCT) images is proposed based on boundary tracking, contour localization and curve fitting. The corneal thickness of the OCT images with high signal-to-noise ratio or with noise and artifacts is measured. The effectiveness and practicability of the proposed method are verified. The research results show that the proposed method not only can be used to accurately measure the corneal thickness of the corneal OCT images with high signal-to-noise ratio, but also has a good measurement effect for the corneal OCT images with noise and artifacts. Compared with the existing measurement methods of corneal thickness, the proposed method has the advantages of strong anti-interference ability and high measurement precision.