Parameters Optimization and Friction and Wear Properties for Laser Cladding Ni60AA Coating on 45 Steel Shaft Surface

Jun Wu; Dongdong Zhu; Richu Yang; Siyu Wu; Yan Huang; Yuliang Zhang

doi:10.3788/LOP202158.1114008

Journals >Laser & Optoelectronics Progress >Volume 58 >Issue 11 >Page 1114008 > Article

Laser & Optoelectronics Progress
Vol. 58, Issue 11, 1114008 (2021)

Parameters Optimization and Friction and Wear Properties for Laser Cladding Ni60AA Coating on 45 Steel Shaft Surface

Jun Wu^1、2、*, Dongdong Zhu^1、2, Richu Yang¹, Siyu Wu¹, Yan Huang¹, and Yuliang Zhang^1、2

Author Affiliations

¹College of Mechanical Engineering,Quzhou University, Quzhou , Zhejiang 324000, China

²Key Laboratory of Air-Driven Equipment Technology of Zhejiang Province, Quzhou University, Quzhou , Zhejiang 324000, China

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DOI: 10.3788/LOP202158.1114008 Cite this Article Set citation alerts

Jun Wu, Dongdong Zhu, Richu Yang, Siyu Wu, Yan Huang, Yuliang Zhang. Parameters Optimization and Friction and Wear Properties for Laser Cladding Ni60AA Coating on 45 Steel Shaft Surface[J]. Laser & Optoelectronics Progress, 2021, 58(11): 1114008 Copy Citation Text

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Fig. 1. Coaxial powder feeding laser forming system

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Fig. 2. Laser cladding principle of shaft parts

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Fig. 3. Effects of laser power on morphologies and properties of cladding coating. （a） Morphologies of cladding coating；（b） variation of thickness, dilution ratio and micro-hardness with laser power

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Fig. 4. Effects of powder feeding rate on morphologies and properties of cladding coating. （a） Morphologies of cladding coating；（b） variation of thickness，dilution ratio and micro-hardness with powder feeding rate

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Fig. 5. Effects of shaft speed on morphologies and properties of cladding coating. （a） Morphologies of cladding coating；（b） variation of thickness, dilution ratio and micro-hardness with shaft speed

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Fig. 6. Microstructures and micro-hardness of cladding coating. （a） Bottom region；（b） middle region；（c） top region；（d） micro-hardness distribution along depth direction

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Fig. 7. Friction coefficient of cladding coating at different temperatures. （a） 35 ℃；（b） 80 ℃；（c） 125 ℃

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Fig. 8. Friction coefficient of 45 steel at different temperatures. （a） 35 ℃；（b） 80 ℃；（c） 125 ℃

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Fig. 9. Wear rate of laser cladding coating and 45 steel at different temperatures

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Fig. 10. Wear scar morphologies of substrate and cladding coating. （a） Wear surface of substrate；（b） wear surface of cladding coating; （c） three-dimensional profile of wear scar of matrix；（d） three-dimensional profile of wear scar of cladding layer

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Element	C	B	Cr	Fe	Si	O	Ni
Mass fraction /%	1.11	2.56	20.43	4.15	5.65	0.03	Bal.

Table 1. Chemical composition of Ni60AA powder

Group	Serial number	Power /W	Powder feeding rate /(g·min^-1)	Shaft speed /(r·min^-1)
1	1-1	600	14.2	2.5
	1-2	750	14.2	2.5
	1-3	950	14.2	2.5
	1-4	1200	14.2	2.5
	1-5	1500	14.2	2.5
	1-6	1800	14.2	2.5
	1-7	2200	14.2	2.5
	1-8	3700	14.2	2.5
	1-9	3400	14.2	2.5
2	2-1	2200	6.3	2.5
	2-2	2200	7.5	2.5
	2-3	2200	9.7	2.5
	2-4	2200	11.7	2.5
	2-5	2200	14.2	2.5
	2-6	2200	16.3	2.5
	2-7	2200	19.5	2.5
	2-8	2200	22.9	2.5
	2-9	2200	25.5	2.5
3	3-1	2200	14.2	1.0
	3-2	2200	14.2	1.5
	3-3	2200	14.2	2.0
	3-4	2200	14.2	2.5
	3-5	2200	14.2	3.0
	3-6	2200	14.2	3.5
	3-7	2200	14.2	4.0
	3-8	2200	14.2	4.5
	3-9	2200	14.2	5.0

Table 2. Parameter for single-factor test

No.	Disc speed /（r·min^-1）	Powder feeding rate /（g·min^-1）
1	0.6	6.3
2	0.8	7.5
3	1.0	9.7
4	1.2	11.7
5	1.4	14.2
6	1.6	16.3
7	1.8	19.5
8	2.0	22.9
9	2.2	25.5

Table 3. Powder feeding rate corresponding to different powder disc speeds

Level	Factor
Level	Power /W	Powder feeding rate /（g·min^-1）	Shaft speed /（r·min^-1）
Level 1	1400	11.7	2.3
Level 2	1500	14.2	2.5
Level 3	1600	16.3	2.7

Table 4. Experimental factors and levels

No.	Factor A	Factor B	Factor C
1	1	1	1
2	1	2	2
3	1	3	3
4	2	1	2
5	2	2	3
6	2	3	1
7	3	1	3
8	3	2	1
9	3	3	2

Table 5. Orthogonal experiment scheme

No.	Thickness /mm	Dilution ratio /%	Micro-hardness /HV
1	1.11	11.4	939
2	1.23	8.34	1034
3	1.32	4.90	1084
4	1.03	16.2	913
5	1.12	11.9	1019
6	1.54	9.46	983
7	1.03	18.1	965
8	1.35	13.6	954
9	1.42	11.2	1044

Table 6. Orthogonal experiment result

Index		Factor A	Factor B	Factor C
Thickness /mm	K₁	1.22	1.06	1.33
	K₂	1.23	1.23	1.23
	K₃	1.27	1.43	1.16
	R	0.05	0.37	0.17
Dilution rate /%	K₁	8.21	15.23	11.49
	K₂	12.52	11.28	11.91
	K₃	14.30	8.52	11.63
	R	6.09	6.71	0.42
Micro-hardness /HV	K₁	1019	939	959
	K₂	972	1002	997
	K₃	988	1037	1023
	R	47	98	64

Table 7. Range analysis

Factor level
$A_{1}$	0.0278	0.2066	0.0769	0.1037
$A_{2}$	0.0280	0.1355	0.0734	0.0789
$A_{3}$	0.0289	0.1186	0.0746	0.0741
$B_{1}$	0.1787	0.1227	0.1478	0.1497
$B_{2}$	0.2074	0.1656	0.1578	0.1769
$B_{3}$	0.2411	0.2192	0.1633	0.2078
$C_{1}$	0.1030	0.0108	0.0986	0.0708
$C_{2}$	0.0953	0.0104	0.1025	0.0694
$C_{3}$	0.0898	0.0106	0.1052	0.0685

Table 8. Matrix analysis of various factors and levels

Area	Mass fraction /%
Area	Ni	Fe	Cr	Si	C	B
A B C D E F G	23.56	69.48	4.03	1.85	1.08	-
	15.30	47.22	29.68	1.08	6.71	-
	28.13	56.59	11.03	0.78	3.48	-
	5.05	4.79	84.56	0.68	2.59	2.32
	38.99	7.73	40.40	3.12	9.77	-
	34.94	3.98	26.02	4.20	29.88	0.98
	22.17	3.80	50.59	2.81	20.63	-

Table 9. EDS scanning at different positions in Fig. 6

No.	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	Mean
Substrate	1142	1210	1255	1130	1178	1098	1055	1168	1289	1154	1167
Cladding layer	673	614	508	651	495	597	681	588	533	507	584

Table 10. Wear scar width of substrate and cladding layer

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