The range of the energy meter is limited in laser energy measurement, and it cannot take into account the measurement of energy with a large dynamic range. In the photoelectric measurement, a laser energy measurement method based on APD and PMT photodetectors was proposed. The measurement of laser energy in the 1 064 nm and 532 nm bands was compelted through analyzing the detection performance of the photodetector and its interaction with subsequent processing circuits by this method. The voltage signal changes were observed by changing the pulse width, repetition frequency, and pump power of the adjustable laser light source. The size of the photocurrent was tested according to the magnification of the transimpedance amplifier circuit. The relationship between photodetector sensitivity and laser wavelength was used to find the corresponding detector sensitivity, photoelectric conversion gain and laser attenuation multiple. The laser energy value was tested, and the pulse width, repetition frequency and pump power value of the emitted laser were compared to ensure the calculation the authenticity of the method. The experiment proves that the proposed method can complete the laser energy test with a large dynamic range nJ-mJ, and the test error is less than nJ compared with the energy meter test.