Fig. 1. Conceptual schematics for a single microlens sensing inclined wavefront and curved wavefront. (a) Inclined wavefront on the focal plane; (b) curved wavefront on the focal plane; (c) curved wavefront on a defocused plane; (d) both inclined wavefront and curved wavefront on a defocused plane

Fig. 2. Conceptual schematic for sensing wavefront of defocused Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor

Fig. 3. Comparison of coefficients of Zernike polynimial coefficients of wavefront reconstruction. (a) Coefficients decomposed by the input wavefront and reconstructed by the conventional and the proposed methods; (b) residuals between true and reconstructed coefficients by the conventional and proposed methods

Fig. 4. Comparison of reconstructed wavefronts by the conventional and proposed methods. (a) Original input wavefront; (b) wavefront reconstructed by conventional method; (c) residual between wavefront reconstructed by conventional method and original input wavefront; (d) wavefront reconstructed by the proposed method; (e) residual between wavefront reconstructed by the proposed method and original input wavefront

Fig. 5. Comparison of reconstructed wavefronts within individual Zernike polynomial

Table 1. Reconstructed wavefronts with different coefficients of three aberrations