Fig. 1. Photonic crystal microcavity
[31]. (a) Point defect structure; (b) mode field distribution
Fig. 2. Design of single-mode vortex beam laser
[36]. (a) Device structure diagram; (b) laser emission spectrum
Fig. 3. High-speed direct-tuning radial cylindrical vector OAM beam laser
[38]. (a) Device structure design; (b) output power
Fig. 4. 1550-nm photonic crystal laser
[27] Fig. 5. Two-dimensional flat photonic crystal microcavity laser
[41]. (a) Nanometer laser array; (b) laser spectra of lasers with and without nanoparticles
Fig. 6. Microring resonator OAM beam transmitter
[44]. (a) Microring resonator with angle grating; (b) transmitter array structure; (c) near-field mode intensity emitted by the array
Fig. 7. On-chip modulated OAM beam
[46]. (a) Schematic of OAM integrated device; (b) emission spectrum; (c) OAM intensity distribution under different modal phase shift conditions
Fig. 8. Vortex beam emitting device
[51]. (a) Structure diagram; (b) three types of lattice structures; (c) generated beam
Fig. 9. Three-dimensional photonic crystal superimposes point defects to produce vortex beam
[52]. (a) Structure diagram; (b) generated two-order OAM beam
Fig. 10. Dynamic control of OAM superposition state device
[53]. (a) Device structure diagram; (b) coupling power of concentric microring cavity; (c) output power of superposition state beam
Fig. 11. Tunable OAM laser
[55]. (a) Structure diagram; (b) output power
Fig. 12. Microring cavity superimposed grating emitting vortex beam
[58]. (a) Superimposed grating structure; (b) experimental setup
Fig. 13. Vortex beam emitting device
[62]. (a) Structure diagram; (b) calculation curves of related parameters in TE mode and TM mode, inset is schematic of the center line offset of the etching grating; (c) near-field intensity and polarization purity of emitted beam
Fig. 14. High-speed emission cylindrical vector beam laser
[63]. (a) Relationship between
Q and azimuth modulus of WGMs; (b) near-field and far-field distribution of beams
Fig. 15. Vortex beam transmitter integrated by microring resonantor and metal mirror
[66]. (a) Structure diagram; (b) emission efficiency
Fig. 16. Multi-point defect photonic crystal microcavity laser
[31]. (a) Multi-point defects produce vector vortex beams; (b) schematic of enlarged pore radius around the defect; (c) near-field intensity distribution(after enlarging the pore radius around the defect)