In this paper, a plasmonic color filter based on a rectangular metal block array structure is designed. The device combines the surface plasmon resonance effect with the guided wave characteristics of planar waveguides, and realizes the dynamic control of transmission spectra in the visible light band by using the polarization sensitivity of the asymmetric rectangular metal block periodic array structure for the incident light. The effects of the array period, filling factor, thickness of dielectric and metal layers, and polarization angle of incident light on transmission spectra and color filtering characteristics are studied by using the finite difference time domain method. The results show that the transmission spectra can be adjusted statically by changing the period parameters of the rectangular metal block array and can be controlled by dynamically changing the polarization angle of the incident light when the period of the rectangular metal block array is asymmetric. By adjusting the structural parameters, the transmittance of the filter can be as high as 75% in the visible light range, and the static and dynamic control of the filtered color can be realized simultaneously. This research provides a theoretical basis for the design of next-generation color-tunable plasmonic color filters.