• Opto-Electronic Advances
  • Vol. 3, Issue 5, 190035-1 (2020)
Nikolaos Livakas1、2, Evangelos Skoulas1、2, and Emmanuel Stratakis1、3、*
Author Affiliations
  • 1Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Heraklion Crete 71110, Greece
  • 2Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, Heraklion Crete 71003, Greece
  • 3Department of Physics, University of Crete, Heraklion Crete 71003, Greece
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    DOI: 10.29026/oea.2020.190035 Cite this Article
    Nikolaos Livakas, Evangelos Skoulas, Emmanuel Stratakis. Omnidirectional iridescence via cylindrically-polarized femtosecond laser processing[J]. Opto-Electronic Advances, 2020, 3(5): 190035-1 Copy Citation Text show less

    Abstract

    We report the femtosecond (fs) laser fabrication of biomimetic omnidirectional iridescent metallic surfaces exhibiting efficient diffraction for practically any angle of light incidence. Such diffractive behavior is realized by means of multi-directional low-spatial-frequency, laser-induced periodic surface structures (LSFL) formed upon exploiting the cylindrical symmetry of a cylindrical vector (CV) fs field. We particularly demonstrate that the multi-directional gratings formed on stainless steel surface by a radially polarized fs beam, could mimic the omnidirectional structural coloration properties found in some natural species. Accordingly, the fabricated grating structures can spatially disperse the incident light into individual wavelength with high efficiency, exhibiting structural iridescence at all viewing angles. Analytical calculations using the grating equation reproduced the characteristic variation of the vivid colors observed as a function of incident angle. We envisage that our results will significantly contribute to the development of new photonic and light sensing devices.
    $ N_{\text {eff-line }}=2 R \cdot(f / v), \text{ for Gaussian beam}, $ (1)

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    $ N_{\text {eff-line }}=2(R-r) \cdot(f / v), \text{for CV beam}, $ (2)

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    $ N_{\text{eff-area }}=\pi R^{2} \cdot f /(v \cdot \delta), \text{for Gaussian beam}, $ (3)

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    $ N_{\text {eff-area }}=\pi(R-r)^{2} \cdot f /(v \cdot \delta) \quad, \text{for CV beam}. $ (4)

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    $ m \lambda=\varLambda(\cos \varphi \cdot \sin \omega+\sin \beta), $ (5)

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    Nikolaos Livakas, Evangelos Skoulas, Emmanuel Stratakis. Omnidirectional iridescence via cylindrically-polarized femtosecond laser processing[J]. Opto-Electronic Advances, 2020, 3(5): 190035-1
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