Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of undersampling homodyne quadrature interferometry measurement method. LB, Laser beam；O, Optical Faraday isolator；N1, Non-polarizing beam splitters 1；N2, Non-polarizing beam splitters 2；Q1, Quarter-wave plate 1；Q2, Quarter-wave plate 2；W, Wollaster prism；H, Half-wave plate；R, Reference mirror；T, Target mirror；PD, Photodetector；DA, Differential amplifier；KQSD, Kalman quadrature signal demodulation

Fig. 2. (a) Normal beam incident to wave plates; (b) Non quadrature phase error compensation by yawing wave plates

Fig. 3. Simulation results of non quadrature phase error introduced by angle deviations of wave plates

Fig. 4. Simulation results of non quadrature phase error sensitivities to angle deviations of wave plates

Fig. 5. Experimental setup of undersampling homodyne quadrature interferometry measurement method

Fig. 6. Experimental results of quadrature phase error vs. optical axis angles of wave plate

Fig. 7. Experimental results of nonlinear error varying with the assembling angle of wave plate

Fig. 8. Relation curve between a_max and vibration frequency

Fig. 9. Sampling rate vs. vibration frequency

Fig. 10. The sampling numbers of interference fringe as a function of vibration frequency in low frequency vibration

Fig. 11. Residual error between demodulation vibration signal and the standard sinusoidal vibration for 0.01 Hz