• Photonic Sensors
  • Vol. 12, Issue 1, 10 (2022)
Kankan SWARGIARY*, Romuald JOLIVOT, and Waleed Soliman MOHAMME
Author Affiliations
  • Center of Research in Optoelectronics, Communication and Computational Systems (BU-CROCCS), School of Engineering, Bangkok University, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
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    DOI: 10.1007/s13320-021-0626-5 Cite this Article
    Kankan SWARGIARY, Romuald JOLIVOT, Waleed Soliman MOHAMME. Demonstration of a Polymer-Based Single Step Waveguide by 3D Printing Digital Light Processing Technology for Isopropanol Alcohol-Concentration Sensor[J]. Photonic Sensors, 2022, 12(1): 10 Copy Citation Text show less

    Abstract

    A polymer based horizontal single step waveguide for the sensing of alcohol is developed and analyzed. The waveguide is fabricated by 3-dimensional (3D) printing digital light processing (DLP) technology using monocure 3D rapid ultraviolet (UV) clear resin with a refractive index of n = 1.50. The fabricated waveguide is a one-piece tower shaped ridge structure. It is designed to achieve the maximum light confinement at the core by reducing the effective refractive index around the cladding region. With the surface roughness generated from the 3D printing DLP technology, various waveguides with different gap sizes are printed. Comparison is done for the different gap waveguides to achieve the minimum feature gap size utilizing the light re-coupling principle and polymer swelling effect. This effect occurs due to the polymer-alcohol interaction that results in the diffusion of alcohol molecules inside the core of the waveguide, thus changing the waveguide from the leaky type (without alcohol) to the guided type (with alcohol). Using this principle, the analysis of alcohol concentration performing as a larger increase in the transmitted light intensity can be measured. In this work, the sensitivity of the system is also compared and analyzed for different waveguide gap sizes with different concentrations of isopropanol alcohol (IPA). A waveguide gap size of 300 μm gives the highest increase in the transmitted optical power of 65% when tested with 10 μL (500 ppm) concentration of IPA. Compared with all other gaps, it also displays faster response time (t = 5 seconds) for the optical power to change right after depositing IPA in the chamber. The measured limit of detection (LOD) achieved for 300 μm is 0.366 μL. In addition, the fabricated waveguide gap of 300 μm successfully demonstrates the sensing limit of IPA concentration below 400 ppm which is considered as an exposure limit by “National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health”. All the mechanical mount and the alignments are done by 3D printing fused deposition method (FDM).
    Kankan SWARGIARY, Romuald JOLIVOT, Waleed Soliman MOHAMME. Demonstration of a Polymer-Based Single Step Waveguide by 3D Printing Digital Light Processing Technology for Isopropanol Alcohol-Concentration Sensor[J]. Photonic Sensors, 2022, 12(1): 10
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