As one of the basic characteristics of magnetic materials, magnetic field has attracted people's attention, and has been widely used in military, medicine, industry, and other field. The basic principles, development process, and application prospects of the high sensitivity micro-optical-atomic magnetometer are sorted out. First, the working mechanism and system composition of the miniature optical-atomic magnetometer are described. Second, the development processes of key technologies such as atomic gas cell fabrication and optimization methods, atomic gas cell heating methods, and magnetic field signal detection methods are discussed. Finally, the latest research progress of the magnetometer is reviewed, and the application prospects of the miniature optical-atomic magnetometer are prospected.