A parallel beam will be transformed into a Bessel beam by an axicon, once the parallel beam is projected vertically onto the axicon's surface. The converted beam propagates a certain distance keeping a fixed transverse intensity distribution, which is a central circular spot surrounded by a series of dark and bright rings with proportional spacing. In this paper, first a formula is presented to evaluate the nondiffracted propagation distance according to geometrical optics principles; second, the fringe spacing of the Bessel beams is formulated using overlapping rules of optical waves, intensity distribution of the rear cross section of the axicon with exact analytic expression and the Bessel beam center spot size calculation formula are given, and the distribution of the Bessel beam is simulated by programing in MATLAB. Finally, experimental validation is given, and the relationships between the parameters of the axicon and the Bessel beam are discussed to help in utilization of the Bessel beam.