Dragonflies are considered to be one of the insects with simple flying behavior and efficient mobility, so they have become the bionic design prototypes of many micro air vehicles (MAV). The excellent flight characteristics of dragonflies are inseparable from their wing characteristics. It can not only withstand a variety of loads during flight, but also maintain high-efficiency flight characteristics. The research status and latest research progress of dragonfly wing structure characteristics, flight characteristics and dragonfly flapping-wing MAV are summarized. The wing vein, wing membrane, wing knot, pterostigma, fold structure, body fluid flow, material characteristics, flight mechanism and infrared detection application of dragonfly wings are summarized. In addition, according to the miniaturization requirements of the bionic flapping-wing MAV, the future research directions are analyzed.