Author Affiliations
Institute of Intelligent Optoelectronic Technology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310023, Chinashow less
Fig. 1. Comparison between PbSe-QDF and conventional SiO2 single mode fiber
Fig. 2. TEM images of PbSe quantum dot doped glass fiber under different scales. (a) 20 nm; (b) 5 nm; (c) 2 nm
Fig. 3. Particle-size distribution of PbSe QDs in fiber samples
Fig. 4. Level-transition diagram of PbSe QDs
Fig. 5. Absorption-emission spectra of PbSe-QDF
Fig. 6. Measured pump power versus fiber length
Fig. 7. PL spectra of QDF. (a) PL intensity of QDF versus fiber length under different annealing conditions; (b) PL intensity spectral distribution under different fiber lengths
Fig. 8. Comparison of PL spectra of the identical QDF. (a) Initial time; (b) one month later
Fig. 9. Experimental setup of QDFA
Fig. 10. Spectral distribution of QDFA output signal under different pump powers. The illustration is output spectrum for zero pump
Fig. 11. Homogeneity of the output signal gain of QDFA
Fig. 12. Variation curves of switching gain of QDFA under different pump powers
Fig. 13. Signal gain versus pump power, where the illustration is partial magnification. (a) QDFA in this paper (switching gain for Pi≈-17 dBm); (b) QDFAevan(Pi≈-63 dBm)[10] and FMEDFA (Pi≈-10 dBm)[13]
Fig. 14. Gain and noise spectra of QDFA
Fig. 15. Curves of noise figure versus pump power
Fig. 16. Curves of signal gain (net gain) versus signal power
Sample | Heat treatment temperature /℃ | Heat treatment time /h | Central diameter of QDs /nm | PL-peak wavelength /nm |
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G1 | 530 | 7.5 | 4.08 | 1180±40 | G2 | 540 | 7.5 | 4.36 | 1234±40 | G3 | 550 | 7.5 | 4.76 | 1310±40 | G4 | 560 | 7.5 | 5.17 | 1450±40 | G5 | 600 | 7.5 | 5.72 | 1550±40 | G6 | 550 | 7.5 | 4.76 | 1310±40 | G7 | 550 | 15 | 5.61 | 1540±40 | G8 | 550 | 30 | 5.88 | 1600±40 |
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Table 1. Diameter of PbSe QDs and photoluminescence (PL)-peak wavelength versus annealing temperature and time
Parameter | Working waveband /nm | Bandwidth /nm | /dB | /mW | /mW (saturated pump power) |
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EDFAs(conventional single fiber)[4] | C(1535-1560) | ~25 | 3.8-4.2 | ~1 | ~100 | EDFA(double-pass)[15] | C(1528-1568) | ~40 | ~7.5 | - | ~120 | FMEDFA[13] | C(1535-1560) | 25(1535-1560) | >6 | - | >338.8 | QDF | 1440-1640 | ~80 | - | ~35 | ~195 | QDFA(this paper) | S(1260-1380) | 80(1284-1364) | 2.89-3.04 | 1.4 | ~73.6 |
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Table 2. Comparison of performance among the QDFA in this paper and EDFAs, EDFA, FMEDFAs, QDFAevan