Author Affiliations
1Key Laboratory for Laser Plasmas (MOE), Collaborative Innovation Center of IFSA, School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China2Joint Laboratory of High Power Laser and Physics, Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China3Tsung-Dao Lee Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, Chinashow less
Fig. 1. Principle and design of the TC-SSCC. (a) Schematic diagram for the temporal window of the THG-based SSCC (top view). The correlating pulse, intersecting with the under-test pulse, sampling pulse and optical axis by angles α, β and θ, respectively, is emitted perpendicularly to the crystal surface and is received by an N-pixel detector. PFT (PFS), pulse front of the under-test (sampling) pulse. (b) Schematic diagram for temporal resolution of the THG-based SSCC (top view). (c) ((d)) Calculated noncollinear angle α+β (blue), temporal window (black) and temporal resolution (red) as a function of angle θ under Type-I (Type-II) PM conditions in β-BBO crystals. The under-test and sampling pulses are at 800 and 400 nm, respectively. The two dashed lines in (c) mark the working points of the two channels of the TC-SSCC in the experiments.
Fig. 2. Schematic diagram of the TC–SSCC. DM, dichroic mirror, high reflection at 400 nm and high transmission at 800 nm; BS-1, beam splitter for 800 nm; BS-2, beam splitter for 400 nm; HWP, half-wave plate; HR, high reflection mirror for 800 nm; CLA, cylindrical lens assembly for beam shaping; Ag, silver mirrors; Au, gold mirrors; Al, aluminum mirrors; TS, translation stage; CL1 (CL3), cylindrical lens with f = 100 mm for imaging; CL2 (CL4), cylindrical lens with f = 30 mm for focusing; FA, fiber array with N = 100 channels; PMT, photomultiplier tube. Insets, beam profiles of FH under-test pulses before BS1 and SH sampling pulses before BS2.
Fig. 3. Temporal resolution characterization for the TC–SSCC. (a) Measured peak pulse by a DSCC (black), and channel-1 (blue) and channel-2 (red) of the TC–SSCC. (b) High-dynamic-range measurements on the peak pulse by a DSCC (black) and channel-2 of the TC–SSCC (red). The DSCC adopted a 25-fs scanning step.
Fig. 4. Large-window pulse-contrast measurement by channel-1 of the TC-SSCC (red curve with circles). Blue curve with circles, measurement by channel-1 of the TC-SSCC when the back-surface-wedged BS-2 was replaced by a 4-mm-thick non-wedged splitter. Green squares, expected prepulse locations caused by the non-wedged splitter. Black curve, DSCC measurement with a scanning step of 1 ps.
Fig. 5. Combination of two-channel measurements. Blue curve with circles, channel-2 measurement; red curve with circles, channel-1 measurement from –108 to –3 ps with a wedged BS-2; purple curve with circles, channel-1 measurement from –130 to –25 ps with a non-wedged BS-2; green squares, expected prepulse locations caused by the non-wedged splitter; black solid curve, DSCC measurement with a scanning step of 200 fs; black dashed line, minimum display of the oscilloscope.
Fig. 6. The TC-SSCC prototype device for the SG-II 5 PW laser. (a) Device photograph, uncovered side panels. (b) Data processing system, consisting of an oscilloscope and an analysis software.
Institution | Window | Resolution | Dynamic range | Technical characteristic |
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| iTEOX, France[25] | 18 ps | 0.018 ps | 108 | Self-referenced spectral interferometry | RAL, UK[26] | 36 ps | 0.09 ps | – | Third-order cross-correlation | SIOM, CAS[27] | 65 ps | 0.16 ps | 1011 | Fourth-order auto-correlation | Fudan & SJTU[28] | 70 ps | 0.9 ps | 109 | High-order quasi-phase-matching cross-correlation | XIOPM, CAS[29] | 42.9 ps | 1.95 ps | 106 | Optical Kerr gate | LANL, USA[30] | 50 ps | 4 ps | 107 | Tilted pulse front | Rochester, USA[31] | 200 ps | 6.26 ps | 106 | Optical pulse replicator | This work | 114 ps | 0.2 ps | 109a | Third-order cross-correlation with two separate channels |
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Table 1. Technical parameters and characteristics of existing SSCC devices.