Author Affiliations
1Key Laboratory of Advanced Microstructure Materials Ministry of Education, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China2School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Chinashow less
1. Energy levels of visible rare-earth ions in YLF crystal
2. Polarized absorption spectra of Pr : YAP crystal
[18] 3. Polarized fluorescence spectra of Pr : YAP crystal
[23] 4. Energy level diagram of Pr : SRA crystal
[32] 5. Phonon energy distribution of some crystals
6. Non-radiative decay rate vs phonon energy of some Pr3+ doped crystals
7. 4f-5d band gap vs 3P2 energy level of some Pr3+ doped crystals
8. Upper state level lifetime vs phonon energy of some Pr3+ doped crystals
9. Polarized absorption spectra of Dy : YAP crystal
[60] 10. Polarized fluorescence spectra of Dy : YAP crystal
[60] 11. Polarized absorption spectra of Tb : YAP crystal
[74] 12. Polarized fluorescence spectra of Tb : YAP crystal
[74] 13. Polarized absorption spectra of Sm : YAP crystal
[83] 14. Polarized fluorescence spectra of Sm : YAP crystal
[83] 15. Output power vs laser wavelength of Pr3+, Dy3+, Tb3+, Sm3+, Ho3+, Er3+, Eu3+ doped some common crystals
| Transitions | Parameters | LLF | YLF | GLF | LaF3 | BYF | LMA | ASL | YAP | SRA |
|---|
| Absorption | | | 3H4→3P2 | labs/nmσabs /(×10-20, cm2)FWHMabs /nm | 44410.31.70 | 4449.01.80 | 4447.81.9 | 4421.65 | 4453.7- | 4441.27.1 | 4441.3- | 4495.645.6 | 4451.149.59 | | Emission | | | 3P1→3H5 | lem/nmσem /(×10-20, cm2)FWHMem /nmσemτf /(×10-20, cm2·μs) | 5223~2113.7 | 5223~2107.1 | 52231130.8 | 5370.7~335.7 | 5220.4~417.9 | 5300.2548.6 | 5422-76 | 5338.81.9168.6 | 5251.359.841.5 | | 3P0→3H6 | lem/nmσem /(×10-20, cm2)FWHMem /nmσemτf /(×10-20, cm2·μs) | 60712~3454.8 | 60714~3499.8 | 60713-566.8 | 6102.9~6.9147.9 | 60724.71.21062.1 | 6253.711127.7 | 6202.9-110.2 | 62125.011.56479.2 | 6223.526.53108.3 | | 3P0→3F2 | lem/nmσem /(×10-20, cm2)FWHMem /nmσemτf /(×10-20, cm2·μs) | 64021~0.7795.9 | 64022~0.7785.4 | 64023-1003 | 6351.2~161.2 | 63912.10.6520.3 | 6472.36.679.4 | 6438.5-323 | 6624.711.2890.2 | 64410.375.07319.0 | | 3P0→3F4 | lem/nmσem /(×10-20, cm2)FWHMem /nmσemτf /(×10-20, cm2·μs) | 7207~1265.3 | 7209~1321.3 | 72016-697.6 | 7206.6~3336.6 | 7217.31.3309.6 | 7283.38.5113.9 | 72511-418 | 74710.371.54198.7 | 7255.754.35176.9 | | τf/μs | 37.90 | 35.70 | 43.6 | 51 | 43 | 34.5 | 38 | 19.16 | 30.76 | | Ref. | [23] | [23] | [23] | [24] | [25-26] | [27] | [28] | This work |
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Table 1. Lasing wavelength λem, emission cross-section σem and σemτ for the 3P0→3H6 transition of Pr3+ doped YAP and other crystals
| Hosts | λem/nm | Polarizations | Laser transitions | ηslope/% | Pout/mW | Pthr/mW | Pump source | Year |
|---|
| YLF | 491 | σ | 3PJ→3H4 | 6 | 70 | 285 | 2w-OPSL | 2014[44] | | 523 | π | 3PJ→3H5 | 45 | ~4200 | >500 | 2×2w-OPSL | 2016[17] | | 546 | π | 3PJ→3H5 | 60 | 2000 | 120 | 2w-OPSL | 2014[45] | | 605 | σ | 3PJ→3H6 | 25 | 2100 | ~1500 | Blue-LD | 2017[46]2017[46] | | 640 | σ | 3PJ→3F2 | 50 | 4800 | ~500 | Blue-LD | | 698 | σ | 3PJ→3F3 | 36 | 1300 | 78 | InGaN-LD | 2016[47] | | 721 | π | 3PJ→3F4 | 53 | 1000 | 16 | 2w-OPSL | 2014[47] | | LLF | 523 | E//c | 3P0→3H5 | 56 | 52.7 | 10 | 2-OPSL | 2007[48] | | 607 | E//c | 3P0→3H6 | 31 | 34.5 | 26 | 2-OPSL | 2007[48] | | 640 | E//c | 3P0→3F2 | 56 | 52.7 | 39 | 2-OPSL | 2007[48] | | 722 | E//c | 3P0→3F4 | 46 | 50 | 31 | 2-OPSL | 2007[48] | | BYF | 495 | E//X | 3PJ→3H4 | 27 | 201 | 163 | 2w-OPSL | 2014[44] | | 607 | E//Y | 3PJ→3H6 | 12.6 | 99 | 264 | Blue-LD | 2014[49] | | 639 | E//Y | 3PJ→3F2 | 6.4 | 60 | 146 | Blue-LD | 2014[49] | | KYF | 554 | - | 3PJ→3H5 | 27 | 121 | 166 | InGaN-LD | 2013[50] | | 610 | - | 3PJ→3H6 | 18 | 97 | 162 | InGaN-LD | 2013[50] | | 645 | - | 3PJ→3F2 | 38 | 268 | 30 | InGaN-LD | 2013[50] | | YGF | 523 | E//a | 3PJ→3H5 | 11 | 63 | 148 | InGaN-LD | 2015[21] | | 538 | E//b | 3PJ→3H5 | 24 | 140 | 135 | InGaN-LD | 2015[21] | | 604 | E//a | 3PJ→3H6 | 13 | 105 | 72 | InGaN-LD | 2015[21] | | 638 | E//a | 3PJ→3F2 | 16 | 128 | 188 | InGaN-LD | 2015[21] | | 700 | E//a | 3PJ→3F4 | 18 | 78 | 47 | InGaN-LD | 2015[21] | | 724 | E//b | 3PJ→3F4 | 20 | 117 | 48 | InGaN-LD | 2015[21] | | CaF2 | 642 | - | 3PJ→3F2 | 7.5 | 22 | 305 | InGaN-LD | 2017[51] | | LaF3 | 537 | π | 3PJ→3H5 | 16 | 15 | 159 | InGaN-LD | 2012[24] | | 612 | π | 3PJ→3H6 | 15 | 20 | 98 | InGaN-LD | 2012[24] | | 635 | c | 3PJ→3F2 | 16 | 23 | 95 | InGaN-LD | 2012[24] | | 720 | π | 3PJ→3F4 | 37 | 80 | 10 | InGaN-LD | 2012[24] | | ASL | 620 | π | 3PJ→3H6 | 11 | 50 | ~510 | 2w-OPSL | 2018[52]2018[52]2018[52] | | 643 | π | 3PJ→3F2 | 27 | 160 | ~200 | 2w-OPSL | | 725 | π | 3PJ→3F4 | 37 | 318 | ~280 | 2w-OPSL | | LMA | 620 | σ | 3PJ→3H6 | 2 | 2.9 | ~100 | 2w-OPSL | 2012[27] | | 648 | σ | 3PJ→3F2 | 4 | 10.1 | ~90 | 2w-OPSL | 2012[27] | | 729 | σ | 3PJ→3F4 | 12 | 63.7 | ~25 | 2w-OPSL | 2012[27] | | YAP | 547 | E//c | 3PJ→3H5 | 6.1 | 37 | 320 | InGaN-LD | 2013[53] | | 662 | E//c | 3PJ→3F2 | 9 | 27.4 | 680 | GaN-LD | 2011[54] | | 747 | E//b | 3PJ→3F4 | 45 | 490 | 300 | 2×InGaN-LD | 2014[55] | | SRA | 525 | - | 3PJ→3H5 | - | 36 | ~1000 | 2w-OPSL | 2013[56] | | 623 | σ | 3PJ→3H6 | 11 | 114 | ~200 | 4×InGaN-LD | 2014[15] | | 644 | - | 3PJ→3F2 | 37 | 1065 | ~500 | 2w-OPSL | 2013[56] | | 724 | σ | 3PJ→3F4 | 50 | 564 | 15.5 | 4×InGaN-LD | 2014[15] |
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Table 2. Visible laser output of Pr3+ doped crystals
| Hosts | σabs/(×10-21, cm2) | β/% | σem/(×10-20, cm2) | τf/μs | Ref. |
|---|
| YAG | 1.6 | 50.96 | 1.50 | 376 | [64] | | YAl(BO3)4 | - | 65.90 | 1.90 | 520 | [65] | | LiLuF4 | - | 65.40 | 1.02 | 582 | [66] | | Lu2SiO4 | - | 61.0 | 0.74 | 509 | [67] | | KY3F10 | - | 59.8 | 0.83 | 440 | [66] | | Li2Gd4(MoO4)7 | σ: 2.5π: 4.4 | σ:72.0π: 71.9 | σ: 1.45π: 1.34 | 139 | [68] | | YAP | a:0.743b:0.690c:0.870 | a:88.5b:88.7c:87.8 | a:0.298b:0.450c:0.452 | 185 | This work |
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Table 3. Spectroscopic parameters of Dy3+ doped YAP and other crystals
| Crystals | λem/nm | Polarizations | Laser transitions | ηslope/% | Pout/mW | Pthr/mW | Type | Year |
|---|
| Dy,Tb : LLF | 574 | σ | 4F9/2→6H13/2 | 13 | 55 | 320 | CW | 2014[72] | | Dy,Eu : YLF | 574 | σ | 4F9/2→6H13/2 | 10 | 47 | 244 | CW | 2016[17]2016[17]2016[17] | | Dy : LLF | 578 | σ | 4F9/2→6H13/2 | 4 | 17 | 188 | Self-pulsed | | 661 | π | 4F9/2→6H11/2 | 2 | 4 | 143 | Self-pulsed | | Dy : YAG | 583 | - | 4F9/2→6H13/2 | 12 | 150 | - | Self-pulsed | 2012[64] | | Dy : ZnWO4 | 575 | E//b | 4F9/2→6H13/2 | 13 | 110 | 550 | CW | 2017[71] |
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Table 4. Laser output of Dy3+ doped some common laser crystal
| Host | labs/nm | σabs/(×10-22, cm2) | lem/nm | σem/(×10-22, cm2) | τf/ms | Ref. |
|---|
| LLF | 488.8 | 3.0 | 585 | ~11 | 4.8 | [76] | | TPP | 485 | 1.3 | 587 | 1.0 | 3.4 | [75] | | TLP | 487 | 2.2 | 588 | 1.0 | 3.7 | [75] | | TAB | 483 | 3.6 | 592 | 1.0 | 0.8 | [75] | | PZABP | - | - | 582 | 0.7 | 0.42 | [77] | | LBTAF | - | - | 585 | 0.58 | 1.27 | [78] | | YAP | E//a | 486 | 3.3 | 590 | 1.72 | 1.72 | This work | | E//b | 484 | 5.2 | 591 | 2.73 | | E//c | 484 | 4.1 | 588 | 2.65 |
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Table 5. Spectroscopic parameters of Tb3+ doped YAP and other crystals
| Crystals | λem/nm | Polarizations | Laser transitions | ηslope/% | Pout/mW | Pthr/mW | Pump source | Year |
|---|
| Tb : YLF | 542 | σ | 5D4→7F5 | 55 | 158 | 8 | 2w-OPSL | 2016[81] | | 587 | π | 5D4→7F4 | 22 | 71 | 32 | 2w-OPSL | | Tb : LLF | 542 | σ | 5D4→7F5 | 52 | 1130 | 32 | 2w-OPSL | | 587 | π | 5D4→7F4 | 14 | 82 | 107 | 2w-OPSL | | Tb : KYF | 545 | σ | 5D4→7F5 | 34 | 793 | 25 | 2w-OPSL | | 584 | π | 5D4→7F4 | 5 | 18 | 38 | 2w-OPSL | | Tb : BLuF | 546 | σ | 5D4→7F5 | 46 | 270 | 18 | 2w-OPSL | | Tb : CaF2 | 541 | - | 5D4→7F5 | 48 | 103 | ~34 | 2w-OPSL | 2017[82] |
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Table 6. Laser output of Tb3+ doped some common laser crystal
| Sample | labs/nm | σabs/(×10-20, cm2) | FWHMabs /nm | lem/nm | σem/(×10-21, cm2) | FWHMem/nm | τf/ms | Ref. |
|---|
| Sm : SrAl12O19 | 400(σ) | 8.5(σ) | - | 593(σ) | 1.2(σ) | - | 3.4 | [88] | | Sm : LiLuF4 | 401(σ) | 1.04(σ) | 2.3(σ) | 606(π) | 1.3(π) | 7.5(σ) | 4.8 | [87-88] | | 401(π) | 1.51(π) | 3.1(π) | 9.5(π) | | Sm : LiYF4 | 401(σ) | 0.72(σ) | 3(σ) | 597(σ) | 0.679(σ) | 7.5(σ) | 4.8 | [86] | | 401(π) | 1.37(π) | 2(π) | 605(π) | 1.039(π) | 9.5(π) | | Sm : YAP | 409(E//a) | 0.25(E//a) | 8.4(E//a) | 604(E//a) | 0.47(E//a) | 6.29(E//a) | 0.59 | This work | | 409(E//b) | 0.67(E//b) | 10.2(E//b) | 604(E//b) | 1.01(E//b) | 6.32(E//b) | | 409(E//c) | 0.86(E//c) | 9.4(E//c) | 610(E//c) | 0.96(E//c) | 3.26(E//c) |
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Table 7. Spectroscopic parameters of Sm3+ doped YAP and other crystals
![Polarized absorption spectra of Pr : YAP crystal[18]](/richHtml/jim/2019/34/6/573/img_2.png)
![Polarized fluorescence spectra of Pr : YAP crystal[23]](/Images/icon/loading.gif){kind=icon}
