The traditional calibration method for calculating projector distortion is complex in system structure and theoretical derivation. Aiming at this problem， a method of measuring and correcting the distortion of the projector based on a phase target was proposed in this paper. In this method a liquid crystal display was attached with holographic projection film as a phase target. The liquid crystal display sequentially displayed the horizontal and vertical sinusoidal fringe images to obtain the unwrapping phases. The projector projected the horizontal and vertical sinusoidal fringes images to the phase target， then their unwrapping phases were calculated respectively. Using the corresponding relationship between the two sets of phase on each camera pixel， the projection phase of the projector was converted to the liquid crystal display phase coordinate system， then the distortion of the projector can be measured. The distortion was corrected according to the acquired phase space relationship， so that the isophase lines projected by the projector were linearly distributed on the phase target. Experimental results prove that the method proposed in this paper can measure and correct the distortion of the projector without the influence of camera imaging quality. It can improve the projection quality for the fringe projection three-dimensional profile measurement technology.