M. Benaicha1, L. Dehimi1、2, F. Pezzimenti3, and F. Bouzid4
Author Affiliations
1Laboratory of Metallic and Semiconductor Materials, University of Biskra, Biskra 07000, Algeria2Faculty of Science, University of Batna, Batna 05000, Algeria3DIIES - Mediterranea University of Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria 89122, Italy4UDCMA - Research Center in Industrial Technologies, Algiers 16014, Algeriashow less
Fig. 1. (Color online) Schematic cross-section of the MMJ GaInP/Si solar cell.
Fig. 2. (Color online) Interpolation of (a) n and (b) K for Ga0.5In0.5P.
Fig. 3. (Color online) J–V curve of the GaAs(n+)/GaAs(p+) TJ in dark.
Fig. 4. (Color online) J–V characteristics of the Si and GaInP single cells.
Fig. 5. (Color online) J–V curve for both the single junction cells and the InGaP tandem structure.
Fig. 6. (Color online) EQE of the GaInP top-cell and Si bottom-cell in the stacked structure.
Fig. 7. (Color online) (a) Energy band diagram of the GaInP/Si tandem cell at thermodynamic equilibrium; EV and EC are the energy levels of the valence and conduction band, respectively. (b) Electric field profile.
Fig. 8. (Color online) Comparison between the J–V curves of the MMJ tandem cell and the GaInP/Si mechanical stacked structure.
Parameter | Material | Role | Thickness (μm)
| Net doping (cm−3)
|
---|
Top-cell | AlInP (n)
GaInP (p)
GaInP (n)
Al0.25Ga0.25-
In0.5P (p)
| Window
Emitter
Base
BSF
| 0.02
1.00
0.03
0.02
| 2 × 10185 × 10171 × 10162 × 1018 | Tunnel-junction | GaAs (p+)
GaAs (n+)
| n++ layer
p++ layer
| 0.025
0.025
| 5 × 10195 × 1019 | Bottom-cell | Si (n)
Si (p)
| Emitter
Base
| 3
180
| 5 × 10175 × 1017 |
|
Table 1. Structure of the simulated GaInP/Si MMJ tandem cell.
Parameter | Expression |
---|
Bandgap energy[28, 29] | Eg(x) = −0.272x2 + 1.19x− 1.34
| Electron affinity[30] | χ(x) = 4.38 − 0.58x | Relative permittivity[31] | εs(x) = 12.5 − 1.4x | Effective density of states[31, 32] | | Carrier mobility[10, 31] | |
|
Table 2. Physical models.
Parameter | Jsc (mA/cm2)
| Voc (V)
| FF (%) | η (%)
|
---|
GaInP single-cell | 16.75 | 1.45 | 86.11 | 20.99 | Si single-cell | 37.7 | 0.56 | 81.27 | 17.45 |
|
Table 3. PV parameters extracted from Fig. 4.
Parameter | Jsc (mA/cm2)
| Voc (V)
| FF (%) | η (%)
|
---|
GaInP top-cell | 16.75 | 1.45 | 86.11 | 20.99 | Si bottom-cell | 13.06 | 0.48 | 71.24 | 3.28 | GaInP/Si tandem cell | 13.06 | 1.93 | 96.9 | 24.27 |
|
Table 4. PV parameters extracted from Fig. 5.
Parameter | Jsc (mA/cm2)
| Voc (V)
| FF (%) | η (%)
|
---|
MMJ cell | 17.04 | 2.07 | 87.99 | 31.11 | Mechanical stacked cell | 13.06 | 1.93 | 96.9 | 24.27 |
|
Table 5. PV parameters of the proposed GaInP/Si tandem solar cells.