Graphene-loaded metal wire grating for deep and broadband THz modulation in total internal reflection geometry

Yiwen Sun; Riccardo Degl’Innocenti; David A. Ritchie; Harvey E. Beere; Long Xiao; Michael Ruggiero; J. Axel Zeitler; Rayko I. Stantchev; Danni Chen; Zhengchun Peng; Emma MacPherson; Xudong Liu

doi:10.1364/PRJ.6.001151

Journals >Photonics Research >Volume 6 >Issue 12 >Page 1151 > Article

Photonics Research
Vol. 6, Issue 12, 1151 (2018)

Graphene-loaded metal wire grating for deep and broadband THz modulation in total internal reflection geometry

Yiwen Sun¹, Riccardo Degl’Innocenti², David A. Ritchie², Harvey E. Beere², Long Xiao^2、3, Michael Ruggiero⁴, J. Axel Zeitler⁵, Rayko I. Stantchev⁶, Danni Chen⁷, Zhengchun Peng⁷, Emma MacPherson^6、8, and Xudong Liu^1、*

Author Affiliations

¹National-Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China

²Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK

³Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA

⁴Department of Chemistry, University of Vermont, 82 University Place, Burlington, Vermont 05405, USA

⁵Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Pembroke Street, Cambridge CB2 3RA, UK

⁶Department of Electronic Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China

⁷Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Optoelectronic Devices and Systems, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China

⁸Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK

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DOI: 10.1364/PRJ.6.001151 Cite this Article Set citation alerts

Yiwen Sun, Riccardo Degl’Innocenti, David A. Ritchie, Harvey E. Beere, Long Xiao, Michael Ruggiero, J. Axel Zeitler, Rayko I. Stantchev, Danni Chen, Zhengchun Peng, Emma MacPherson, Xudong Liu. Graphene-loaded metal wire grating for deep and broadband THz modulation in total internal reflection geometry[J]. Photonics Research, 2018, 6(12): 1151 Copy Citation Text

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Abstract

We employed a metallic wire grating loaded with graphene and operating in total internal reflection (TIR) geometry to realize deep and broadband THz modulation. The non-resonant field enhancement effect of the evanescent wave in TIR geometry and in the subwavelength wire grating was combined to demonstrate a

～ 77 %

modulation depth (MD) in the frequency range of 0.2–1.4 THz. This MD, achieved electrically with a

{SiO}_{2} / Si

gated graphene device, was 4.5 times higher than that of the device without a metal grating in transmission geometry. By optimizing the parameters of the metallic wire grating, the required sheet conductivity of graphene for deep modulation was lowered to 0.87 mS. This work has potential applications in THz communication and real-time THz imaging.