Based on the coaxial powder-feeding laser cladding technology, two-dimensional abrupt gradient materials were fabricated with 316L stainless and nickel 718 superalloy powders. An electron probe microanalyzer was used to detect the elemental change laws of the whole sample at the macro-level. A scanning electron microscope and an energy dispersive X-ray spectroscope were used to analyze the interfacial microstructure and detect the elements change law at the micro-level. The results show that the element content suddenly changes in macroscopic analysis, while there is a transition interval of about 500 μm in microscopic analysis. The microhardness significantly varies while the microstructure gradually varies at the interface. An obvious segregation in nickel 718 leads to the Laves phase and carbonitride; the microstructures are mainly cellular crystals with a few carbonitride on the side of 316L stainless steel.