Author Affiliations
1School of Geography and Tourism, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, Anhui, China2State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Satellite Remote Sensing, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China3University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China4Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui, China5School of Information Engineering, Kunming University, Kunming 650214, Yunnan, Chinashow less
Fig. 1. Flowchart of information content analysis
Fig. 2. PSOP observation geometry used in research. (a) Observation geometry; (b) scattering angle distribution
Fig. 3. Aerosol volume size distribution
Fig. 4. Scattering phase function and polarized scattering phase function varying with scattering angle. (a)(b) Scattering phase function; (c)(d) polarized scattering phase function
Fig. 5. Surface simulation results varying with observation geometry angle. (a) BRDF; (b) BPDF
Fig. 6. Simulation result varying with observation geometry angle. (a) Apparent reflectivity ; (b) apparent polarized reflectivity
Fig. 7. Jacobian result varying with observation geometry angle. (a) ; (b) ; (c) ; (d)
Fig. 8. Jacobian result of vegetation surface intensity observation varying with H under different observation geometries. (a) Fine-dominated AOD of 0.8; (b) coarse-dominated AOD of 0.8; (c) fine-dominated AOD of 0.2; (d) coarse-dominated AOD of 0.2
Fig. 9. Jacobi simulation results under different aerosol and vegetation surface conditions. (a) (c) Different aerosol conditions; (b)(d) different surface conditions
Fig. 10. Analysis of information content results under different surface conditions. (a) Vegetation; (b) bare soil
Fig. 11. ALH information under different scenarios. (a) Fine-dominated; (b) coarse-dominated
Fig. 12. Posterior error varying with aerosol model parameters at 380 nm band. (a)(b) Posterior error; (c)(d) reduction value of posterior error
Fig. 13. Effect of adding 380 nm wave band polarization measurement on posterior error. (a)(b) Adding 380 nm wave band pure intensity measurement; (c)(d) adding 380 nm wave band intensity and polarization measurements; (e)(f) difference of posterior error reduction between two observation schemes
Fig. 14. Effect of adding 410 nm measurement on posterior error. (a)(b) Adding 410 nm band intensity measurement; (c)(d) adding 410 nm band intensity and polarization measurements
Equipment parameter | DPC | POSP |
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Central wavelength | 443 nm,490 nm,565 nm,670 nm,763 nm,765 nm,865 nm,910 nm | 380 nm,410 nm,443 nm,490 nm,670 nm,865 nm,1380 nm,1610 nm,2250 nm | Elements of Stokes vector | I,Q,U | I,Q,U | Instrument FOV | (±50°)×(±50°) | -50°-50° | Polarization calculation error | 0.020 | 0.005 | Radiance calculation error | 5% | 5%(VNIR),6%(SWIR) | Number of viewing angles | 15 | 1 |
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Table 1. Basic parameters of sensors
Scenario | (550 nm) | (550 nm) | /μm | | |
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Fine-dominated | 0.549 | 0.003 | 0.21 | 0.5036 | 0.8 | Coarse-dominated | 1.434 | 0.011 | 1.90 | 0.1915 | 0.2 |
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Table 2. Aerosol model parameters
Surface type | fiso(λ) | k1 | k2 | C | |
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Vegetation | 0.0186(380 nm),0.0190(410 nm) | 0.158 | 0.547 | 6.57 | 0.62 | Bare soil | 0.0293(380 nm),0.0313(410 nm) | 0.087 | 0.668 | 6.90 | 0.03 |
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Table 3. Surface model parameters
Observable | y1 | y2 | y3 | y4 |
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y1(radiance at 380 nm) | 1.00 | 0.99 | 0.27 | 0.23 | y2(radiance at 410 nm) | 0.99(c1) | 1.00 | 0.23 | 0.18 | y3(polarization at 380 nm) | 0.27(c2) | 0.23(c4) | 1.00 | 0.99 | y4(polarization at 410 nm) | 0.23(c3) | 0.18(c5) | 0.99(c6) | 1.00 |
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Table 4. POSP observable correlation in 380 nm and 410 nm
Scheme | 380-nm radiance | 380-nm polarization | 410-nm radiance | 410-nm polarization |
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A-I | √ | × | × | × | A-IP | √ | √ | × | × | V-I | × | × | √ | × | V-IP | × | × | √ | √ | AV-I | √ | × | √ | × | AV-IP | √ | √ | √ | √ |
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Table 5. Numerical simulation schemes
Surface type | Aerosol scenario | A-I | AV-IP |
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Bare soil | Fine-dominated | 0.60 | 0.81 | Coarse-dominated | 0.45 | 0.79 | Vegetation | Fine-dominated | 0.71 | 0.83 | Coarse-dominated | 0.60 | 0.80 |
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Table 6. DFS of H at A-I and AV-IP schemes