MEH-PPV/rGO-CuInS2 hybrid polymer solar cells are fabricated with the graphene/CuInS2 quantum dots hybrid (rGO/CuInS2-QDS) and poly 2-methoxy-5-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene (MEH-PPV), and the dynamic characteristics of charge transport are investigated by using dynamic test method. Experimental results show that compared with MEH-PPV/rGO devices, the electron transit time and electron lifetime of MEH-PPV/rGO-CuInS2 devices are significantly increased, which are attributed to the surface defect states trapping on CuInS2 quantum dots and the effective separation of electron-hole pair promoted by CuInS2 quantum dots as a barrier layer, respectively. It is confirmed that the increasing of short circuit current in MEH-PPV/rGO-CuInS2 devices is mainly related to the increasing of exciton dissociation in polymer and decreasing of carrier recombination. The open-circuit voltage of device is mainly determined by the energy difference between the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) level of MEH-PPV and work-function of graphene, and it’s influenced by the electron concentration in graphene.