Measuring magnetic response from spin and current is of fundamental interest in condensed matter physics. Negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy (${\mathrm{NV}}^{-}$) centers in diamond are emerging as a robust and versatile quantum sensor owing to their high sensitivity, nanometer-scale spatial resolution, and noninvasive operation with access to static and dynamic magnetic and electron transport properties. In this review, we discuss the rapidly growing interest in the implementation of ${\mathrm{NV}}^{-}$ magnetometry to explore condensed matter physics, focusing on three topics: anti/ferromagnetic materials, superconductors, and metals/semimetals/semiconductors.