Measuring magnetic response from spin and current is of fundamental interest in condensed matter physics. Negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy (NV-) centers in diamond are emerging as a robust and versatile quantum sensor owing to their high sensitivity, nanometer-scale spatial resolution, and noninvasive operation with access to static and dynamic magnetic and electron transport properties. In this review, we discuss the rapidly growing interest in the implementation of NV- magnetometry to explore condensed matter physics, focusing on three topics: anti/ferromagnetic materials, superconductors, and metals/semimetals/semiconductors.