This paper reports the design of a planar coding target with holographic property. The local code of the coding target can be used to determine the position of the imaging portion on the target and the overall state of the target. The target can be used for pose measurement and can improve the measurement range and measurement accuracy. To solve the decoding and matching problem of the coding target, a decoding algorithm based on target image backprojection correction and correlation matching is proposed. In this algorithm, the target image is reconstructed in three-dimensional space by perspective transformation. Subsequently, it is rotated and corrected in the three-dimensional space, and then projected back onto the original image surface. Improving the correlation matching algorithm, only the marker points on the coding target are considered, greatly improving the matching efficiency. The proposed decoding and matching method demonstrate good matching effect and high matching efficiency in experiments. The image backprojection correction method can also be applied in photogrammetry for coding target decoding and matching. This method is not limited by encoding rules and can effectively improve the decoding accuracy rate.